Trends in pesticide concentrations for 15 streams in California, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho were determined for the organophosphate insecticides chlorpyrifos and diazinon and the herbicides atrazine, s-ethyl diproplythiocarbamate (EPTC), metolachlor, simazine, and trifluralin. A parametric regression model was used to account for flow, seasonality, and antecedent hydrologic conditions and th...

Vegetable production in Togo is seriously affected by pests attack. To reduce damage, farmers indiscriminately use pesticides. Various studies have reported high concentrations of pesticide residues more than acceptable limits in vegetables and other edible food. The aim of the presented study is to study the attitudes and practices developed by vegetable growers about pesticides applications. ...

Pesticide foliage treatment is used in agricultural production to protect plants from diseases, pests, or weeds. Tank-mix adjuvants added the barrel can improve effective utilization rate of pesticides. Herein, a comparative study was conducted investigate effect three kinds tank-mix adjuvant on deposition, absorption, and permeation behavior epoxiconazole chlorantraniliprole solutions. Surface...

Poorly water-soluble compounds are difficult to develop as pesticide products and face great challenges in water-based and environmentally friendly formulation development. In this study, high pressure homogenization combined with lyophilization was adopted to prepare the solid nanodispersions of chlorantraniliprole with poor solubility and high melting point. The mean particle sizes of the sol...

INTRODUCTION Investigators have hypothesized that consuming pesticide-contaminated well water plays a role in Parkinson's disease (PD), and several previous epidemiologic studies support this hypothesis. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether consuming water from private wells located in areas with documented historical pesticide use was associated with an increased risk of PD. METHODS We emplo...

Compared with nutrient levels and habitat degradation, the importance of agricultural pesticides in surface water may have been underestimated due to a lack of comprehensive quantitative analysis. Increasing pesticide contamination results in decreasing regional aquatic biodiversity, i.e., macroinvertebrate family richness is reduced by ∼30% at pesticide concentrations equaling the legally acce...

An approach for estimating human exposure to pesticides via consumption of six important food crops is presented that can be used to extend multimedia models applied in health risk and life cycle impact assessment. We first assessed the variation of model output (pesticide residues per kg applied) as a function of model input variables (substance, crop, and environmental properties) including t...

To understand the effect of leaf-surface pesticides on emissions of PCDD/F during biomass burns, nine combustion experiments simulating the open burning of biomass were conducted. Needles and branches of Pinus taeda (Loblolly pine) were sprayed with the pesticide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at 1 and 10 times the manufacturer's recommended application concentration. The biomass was th...

In the last decades, the use of pesticides has increased exponentially agricultural production. However, it is a well known fact that excessive use of pesticides can be hazardous both for the environment and human health. It is thus essential to assess thoroughly the impact on the environment of a given pesticide before its application. When they are sprayed on crops, pesticides are absorbed by...

PURPOSE The effect of one pesticide spraying season on DNA damage was measured on B and T lymphocytes among open-field farmers and controls. METHODS At least two peripheral blood samples were collected from each individual: one in a period without any pesticide application, several weeks after the last use (January, at period P0), and another in the intensive pesticide spraying period (May or...