The presented article tells about the placement of countries in terms reserves and processing volumes. About state oil production refining Kazakhstan presence environmental risks transportation petroleum products. Without products, economic development is impossible. For Kazakhstan, possibility organizing correct transit products an urgent task. profits from should be commensurate with event ac...

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions requires a transformation of capital assets in the economy, especially those for energy supply. This paper explores hypothesis that economically efficient decarbonization occurs when demand fossil fuels declines at same rate as their depreciate. In theory this means new investments fuel are avoided, but without incurring stranded assets. We examine practicality...

The petroleum industry is one of the most rapidly developing industries and projected to grow faster in coming years. recent environmental activities global requirements for cleaner methods are pushing refining use green techniques industrial wastewater treatment. Petroleum contains a broad diversity contaminants such as hydrocarbons, oil grease, phenol, ammonia, sulfides, other organic composi...

We examined polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and petroleum biomarkers (steranes, hopanes, terpanes) in radiometrically-dated lake sediment cores from the Athabasca oil sands region (AOSR) Peace-Athabasca Delta (PAD) Alberta (Canada) to determine whether contributions hydrocarbons have changed over time. Two floodplain lakes PAD (PAD 30, 31) recorded increased flux of alkylated PACs petrogen...

A molecule-based characterization methodology was developed for correlation and prediction of assays and properties for crude oil and petroleum fractions. From readily accessible crude oil, the assay data such as distillation curve, API gravity, and PNA contents, identifies an optimal set of chemical compositions of model hydrocarbon molecules that were designed to mimic measurable physical and...

This paper was selected for presentation by an SPE Program Committee following review of information contained in an abstract submitted by the author(s). Contents of the paper, as presented, have not been reviewed by the Society of Petroleum Engineers and are subject to correction by the author(s). The material, as presented, does not necessarily reflect any position of the Society of Petroleum...

This study determines and presents the capital operating costs imposed by use of CO2 capture technologies in refining petrochemical sectors. Depending on process method, emissions EUR 30 to 40 per ton can be avoided. Advanced low-temperature for upgrading oxyfuel reformers may not provide any significant long-term short-term benefits compared conventional technologies. For this reason, an analy...