An experiment of He gas-contact for generating population inversion in a recombining Ar plasma jet is carried out. Population inversion between Ar I excited states 5s′ → 4p′[1/2]1 and 5s′ → 4p[3/2]1,2, [5/2]2,3 is created by helium gas-contact cooling of electrons, whereas it is not created without gas-contact. Ar I lines 1.14 μm, 1.34 μm, and 1.09 μm are strongly enhnced due to the He gas cool...

Spherical granules of the superionic conductor β/β́ LiZr2(PO4)3 in the range of sub 100 nm sizewere synthesizedvia freeze drying methodand fully reviewed in all aspects. Samples were characterized by the X-ray diffractometry (XRD), the Thermal analysis (TG, DSC), theFourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).Their structuredepends largely on the me...

In order to evaluate and study polarimetric SAR interferometry tree height inversion algorithm, three passes of SIR-C/X SAR L band full polarization SLC data were acquired for the same imaging area in the western region of Hetian district, Xinjiang Vygur Autonomous Region of PRC. China. The three images acquired in separate days of Oct. 7, Oct.8 and Oct. 9 of 1994 makes the study of the factors...

Epitaxial copper ferrite thin films were deposited on MgO substrates by the alternating target laser ablation deposition method. A series of films was studied to explore the impact of oxygen operating pressure, substrate temperature, and the ratio of laser shots incident on each target upon the magnetic, structural, and atomic structural properties. The highest saturation magnetization, 2800 G,...

We describe the successful application of a new method to estimate permeability and permeability anisotropy from transient measurements of pressure acquired with a wireline straddle-packer formation tester. Unlike standard algorithms used for the interpretation of formation-tester measurements, the method developed in this paper incorporates the physics of two-phase immiscible flow as well as t...

ticl4, ammonia, inorganic salts as raw material, nanometer composite-crystal tio2 powders were synthesized by two-step chemical method. precursors were crystallized with different phase and stable composite-crystal tio2 with anatase and rutile phase was prepared at low temperature. quantitative control of crystal phase was realized. remarkable factors including reaction ph value, reaction time,...

a method is described by which it is possible to determine the high barrier to ring inversion and hindered rotation by neat racemization of optically active compounds when the racemization is caused by ring inversion or hindered rotation. the method is based preparation of sufficiently pure enantiomers, mainly by chromatography on swollen microcrystalline triacetylcellulose (tac). by this techn...

air pollution is one of the most important problems in urban areas that always threaten citizen's health. photochemical smog is one of the main factors of air pollution in large cities like tehran. usually smog is not only a part of nature, but is being analyzed as an independent matter, which highly affects on the nature. it has been used as relationship between atmospheric elements such as te...

A regional climate model is used to simulate boundary-layer stratocumulus (Sc) clouds over the Southeast Pacific off South America during August-October 1999 and to study their dynamical, radiative, and microphysical properties and their interaction with large-scale dynamic fields. Part I evaluates the model performance against satellite observations and examine physical processes important for...