We previously obtained evidence in rainbow trout for the presence and response to changes in circulating levels of glucose (induced by intraperitoneal hypoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic treatments) of glucosensing mechanisms based on liver X receptor (LXR), mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to increased expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), and sweet taste rec...

Background. Recently, many studies have been oriented towards improving methods and efficiency of antioxidants recovery from different fruit and their wastes. The aim of the study was to evaluate antioxidant potential of apple seeds and peel, which constitute the fruit industry wastes, and compare it to apple flesh. Antioxidant activity of apples at different maturity and storage stage were ana...

The glucose-permeable fetal red cells in the pig are entirely replaced by glucose-impermeable adult red cells within a month after birth. This study investigates the kinetic parameters of the glucose transport mechanism in newborn pig red cells in comparison with immature adult red cells (reticulocytes) as well as the fully matured adult erythrocytes. Influx and efflux of the nonmetabolizable 3...

Several amidated biologically active peptides such as pancreastatin, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, pancreatic polypeptide and amylin are produced in endocrine pancreatic tissue which contains the enzyme necessary for their final processing, i.e. peptidylglycine alpha-amidating mono-oxygenase (EC 1.14.17.3). The enzyme needs ascorbic acid for activity as well as copper and molecular oxygen. The...

Excessive apoptosis induced by enteric microbes leads to epithelial barrier defects. This mechanism has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and bacterial enteritis. The sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter (SGLT-1) is responsible for active glucose uptake in enterocytes. The aim was to investigate the effects of SGLT-1 glucose uptake on enterocyte apoptosi...

A simple method is described to establish primary cultures of kidney proximal tubule cells (PTC) on membranes. The permeable membranes represent a unique culture surface, allowing a high degree of differentiation since both apical and basolateral membranes are accessible for medium. Proximal tubule (PT) segments from collagenase-digested mouse renal cortices were grown for 7 days, by which time...

BACKGROUND Qualitative and quantitative analyses of 'Zonouz' and 'Gala' apples phenolic compounds were accomplished by HPLC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Samples for phenolics study were taken at three different growing stages [1 - fruit early growing stage 2 - mid-stage of fruit development (80 days after full bloom) 3 - during commercial harvest time]. RESULTS The results showed qualitative diffe...

The partial compositional characteristics were determined for apple juice from 175 non-commercial varieties of apples developed from scion wood collected from approximately 12 countries and several USA geographical areas. Juices from many of the varieties were high in malic acid and potassium. Mean values for many of the attributes did not match existing compositional database value means. Howe...

In this paper data are presented on cows receiving no food but having access to all of the water which they wished. The yield and composition of the milk were determined at various times during the periods of starvation. The composition of the milk showed changes which were progressive in the sense that they followed a definite course. They were characterized by a marked lowering in the amount ...