in this paper, a general introduction is given, presenting the overactive bladder syndrome (oab) and its impact on the quality of life and economical burden in patients affected. moreover, the anatomy, physiology and histology of the lower urinary tract are discussed, followed by a brief overview on the possible role of prostaglandin (pg) and phosphodiesterase type 5 (pde5) in the urinary bladd...

Adenosine causes an increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP in mouse neuroblastoma cells. The amount of increase observed in intracellular cyclic AMP levels due to exogenous adenosine depends greatly on the concentration of a specific cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 4-(-3-butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone. Unstimulated concentrations of cyclic AMP were 29-40 pmol/mg of prote...

Fluid secretion by the salivary glands of the blowfly Calliphora is regulated by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (Berridge, 1970, 1972; Berridge & Prince, 1972). The action of 5-HT is apparently mediated by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) which thus functions as an intracellular 'second messenger' as has been postulated in many other systems (Robison, Butcher & Sutherland, 1968). Exogenou...

Adenosine, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, monobutyryl cyclic AMP, cyclic AMP, and 5'-AMP have a remarkable morphogenetic effect on cultured iris epithelial cells obtained from adult newt. They alter the broad undulating membrane of the cell into branching strands of cytoplasm, a configuration that has been named "stellate." Theophylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor also induces the stellate configurat...

background: sildenafil is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 (pde5) which currently used for the treatment of erection dysfunction (ed). medicine approved by the fda for treatment of pulmonary hypertension. although there is no evidence of hypercoagulation states being associated with the use of pde5 inhibitors, several animal studies suggest that pde5 inhibitors may cause arteri...