MOTIVATION Phylogenetics, or reconstructing the evolutionary relationships of organisms, is critical for understanding evolution. A large number of heuristic algorithms for phylogenetics have been developed, some of which enable estimates of trees with tens of thousands of taxa. Such trees may not be robust, as small changes in the input data can cause major differences in the optimal topology....

Introns are now commonly used in molecular phylogenetics in an attempt to recover gene trees that are concordant with species trees, but there are a range of genomic, logistical and analytical considerations that are infrequently discussed in empirical studies that utilize intron data. This review outlines expedient approaches for locus selection, overcoming paralogy problems, recombination det...

We review recent advances in our understanding of placental evolution with particular focus on the interhaemal barrier. It seems likely that the non-invasive, epitheliochorial placentation of living eutherians is a derived state. However, there is disagreement on whether the last common ancestor of eutherian mammals had an endotheliochorial placenta or a haemochorial one. Research has been stim...

The development of powerful visualisation tools is a major challenge in bioinformatics. Phylogenetics, a field with a growing impact on a variety of life science areas, is experiencing an increasing but poorly met requirement for software supporting the advanced visualisation of phylogenetic trees. Visualisation problems within the domain are commonly experienced by its researchers, but are poo...