This paper reports on the thermal characterization, via the thermal conductivity, of natural materials, such as mulch and lava rock and their usefulness as building insulation. Experiments were carried out using a scale one monitored wall (i.e. heat flux and temperature sensors) exposed to a heating source on one side and to an air conditioned space on the other. The wall system was composed of...

Lava flows can produce changes in topography of the order of 10s–100s of metres. A knowledge of the resulting volume change provides evidence about the dynamics of an eruption. Using differential InSAR phase delays, it is possible to estimate height differences between the current topography and a digital elevation model (DEM). This does not require a pre-event SAR image, so it does not rely on...

[1] Okmok volcano, located in the central Aleutian arc, Alaska, is a dominantly basaltic complex topped with a 10-km-wide caldera that formed circa 2.05 ka. Okmok erupted several times during the 20th century, most recently in 1997; eruptions in 1945, 1958, and 1997 produced lava flows within the caldera. We used 80 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) images (interferograms) to stu...

[1] Lava flow mapping was conducted on a north-south transect of Olympus Mons using the European Space Agency’s Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) image H0037. The HRSC image was coregistered to Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter, Thermal Emission Imaging System, and Mars Orbiter Camera data, enabling lava flow structures to be differentiated and mapped consistently across the shield. ...

This article describes our implementation in Answer Set Programming of a reasoning system that models the flow of lava in volcanic eruptions. Our system can be employed in the validation of evacuation plans. To demonstrate the feasibility of such approach, we adopt a simplified yet realistic model of how lava flows, and apply it to altitude data from the Etna volcano.

Patient was able to stand and walk a little with help, but spent most of her time in a semirecumbent position, propped up with pillows. Could not rise without assistance, and had not been able to lie down without imminent risk and fear of suffocation for some time. / Her history showed that she had given birth to two children, one 16 years ago and the second 10 years later. For the past two yea...

We present evidence for a monitoring process in language perception at the word level, reflected by a P600. This P600 is triggered when a conflict evolves because the brain encounters an unexpected linguistic item when another item is highly expected. To resolve this conflict between representations, the brain monitors the input to check for possible processing errors. A P600 was hypothesized t...

BACKGROUND Prevalence surveys of asthma and/or wheezing among all children aged between 7 1/2 and 8 1/2 attending state and private schools in the London Borough of Croydon were conducted in February 1978 and February 1991. Two population based case-control studies drawn from the survey responders were used to investigate the association between childhood wheeze and characteristics of the home ...

BACKGROUND Postural control allows performance of daily and sports activities. The previous studies show that postural sway inceases in orthopaedic injuries such as osteoarthritis and total knee arthroplasty. OBJECTIVE To compare postural sway, risk of falling and function between individuals with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFS). METHODS This study included 22 subjects with p...