The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is formed by brain endothelial cells. Many immortalized brain endothelial cell lines have been established; these have been used as in vitro BBB models. The aim of the present study was to assess the paracellular barrier properties of the immortalized mouse brain endothelial cell lines bEND.3, bEND.5 cells, and mouse brain endothelial cell 4 (MBEC4), and those of t...

Several literatures presented automated systems for detecting or classifying sewer pipe defects based on morphological features of pipe defects. In those automated systems, however, the morphologies of the darker center or some uncertain objects on CCTV images are also segmented and become noises while morphology-based pipe defect segmentation is implemented. In this paper, the morphology-based...

CRA-lined pipelines, i.e. pipes with an inner pipe of a corrosion resistant alloy inside of a ferritic steel pipe carrying the hoop stress, pose a challenge to inspect with conventional in-line inspection technologies. Existing UT technology is not able to inspect through the interface of a CRA and a ferritic steel component. Additionally, current MFL technology is not able to sufficiently magn...

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To evolve structured programs we introduce H-PIPE, a hierarchical extension of Probabilistic Incremental Program Evolution (PIPE). Structure is induced by \hierarchi-cal instructions" (HIs) limited to top-level, structuring program parts. \Skip nodes" (SNs) allow for switching program parts on and oo. They facilitate synthesis of certain structured programs. In our experiments H-PIPE outperform...

The creation of drag-reducing surfaces in deformed tubes is vital importance to thermal management, energy, and environmental applications. However, it remains a great challenge tailor the surface structure wettability inside slim complicated feature. Here, we describe an electrochemical anodization strategy achieve uniform superhydrophobic coating TiO2 nanotube arrays throughout inner deformed...

an important issue in power generation and petrochemical industries is the monitoring of pipe wall thickness and corrosion/erosion rate. the pipes are usually subject to erosive and/or corrosive environments and any failure could be catastrophic. while periodic manual ultrasonic thickness measurement is the common practice in many industries, in certain cases, where higher accuracies are requir...

Pipe dreams represent permutations pictorially as a series of crossing pipes. Recent applications of pipe dreams include the calculation of Schubert polynomials, fillings of moon polyominoes, and in the combinatorics of antidiagonal simplicial complexes. These applications associate pipe dreams to words of elementary symmetric transpositions via a canonical mapping. However, this canonical mapp...

An extensive product range is mandatory to be a key player in the pipe insulation market. The polyurethane preinsulated pipe producers are responding to global opportunities by diversifying their activities into industrial, marine, oil and gas applications. Moreover, the requirements for traditional district heating preinsulated pipes including initial thermal conductivity and its ageing perfor...