The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), including the use of HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) has significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality of AIDS in HIV infected patients. Unfortunately, the adverse effects of PIs, including dyslipidemia, lipodystrophy, insulin resistance, and premature atherosclerosis, are cause for concern for their use in chronic management of HIV ...

Prediction intervals (PIs) offer an effective tool for quantifying uncertainty of loads in distribution systems. The traditional central PIs cannot adapt well to skewed distributions, and their offline training fashion is vulnerable the unforeseen change future load patterns. Therefore, we propose optimal PI estimation approach, which online adaptive different data distributions by adaptively d...

TO THE EDITOR—We read with much interest the recent study of Hamada et al on the incidence of renal stones among human immunodeficiency virus–infected patients on ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r) [1]. Although their study was limited by its design (retrospective monocentric), the authors convincingly demonstrated that ATV/r use is a strong and independent risk factor for clinically signific...

BACKGROUND Standardized patients are widely used in training of medical students, both in teaching and assessment. They also frequently lead complete training sessions delivering physical examination skills without the aid of faculty teaching staff-acting as "patient instructors" (PIs). An important part of this training is their ability to provide detailed structured feedback to students which...

Postimplantation syndrome (PIS) is the clinical and biochemical expression of an inflammatory response following endovascular repair of an aortic aneurysm (EVAR). The goal of this review is to provide an update on the inflammatory response after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm, discussing its causes and effects on the clinical outcome of the patient. PIS concerns nearly one-thi...

Nowadays, the development of pervasive technologies has allowed the improvement of services availability. These services, offeredby information systems (IS), are becoming more pervasive, i.e., accessed anytime, anywhere. However, those pervasive information systems (PIS) remain too complex for the user, who just wants a service satisfying his needs. This complexity requires considerable efforts...

Photoreceptor cells adapt to bright or continuous light, although the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are incompletely understood. Here, we report a mechanism of light adaptation in Drosophila, which is regulated by phosphoinositides (PIs). We found that light-dependent translocation of arrestin was defective in mutants that disrupt PI metabolism or trafficking. Arrestin bound t...

Plant proteinase inhibitors (PIs), which play a potent defensive role against predators and pathogens, are natural, defense-related proteins often present in seeds and induced in certain plant tissues by herbivory or wounding. This review describes the main classes of proteinase inhibitors, the distribution and localization, general properties, the main functions, and commercial applications of...

Symbolic execution maintains a path condition pc for every possible path of a program. It is challenging to construct a pc if some complex issues are involved in the path. A predicate interpretation pi is a subexpression of a pc and a pc of a path is a conjunction of all pis in the path. Predicate interpretation has been widely used in theoretical analysis on domain testing and related fields. ...