INTRODUCTION In recent years, there has been considerable interest in biopolymers due to the concern over the environmental impacts arising from the disposal of petroleum-based plastics. Poly(e-L-lysine) (e-PL) is one of the few poly(amino acid)s that are known to occur in nature.1,2 Microbial e-PL is a product of a variant of Streptomyces albulus. In e-PL molecules, the e-amino group of an L-l...

The pl gene encodes a regulatory protein that controls the transcription of a number of structural genes of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in maize. pl alleles have been classified phenotypically into two categories: dominant (Pl) alleles lead to intense, light-independent pigmentation in vegetative and floral organs of the plant; recessive "sun-red" alleles (pl) lead to light-dependent r...

The result (proved in Part I) that Diff(D", i) sa jj" (PL /O ) is used to compute some new homotopy of Diff(D", dD"). The relation between smooth and PL pseudo-isotopy is explored. Known and new results on the homotopy of PL are summarized. 5. Some remarks on PL and Top . We first summarize known results. In n n low dimensions we have the following are contractible: (1) PL,/Oj sa PL2/02 at *, T...

Epsilon poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) is a homo-biopolymer with approximately 25-30 L-lysine residues. It is a promising natural biopolymer widely used in food and pharmaceutical industry. The present work reports enhanced production of ε-PL with a novel producer Bacillus cereus using amino acids and TCA cycle intermediates in the fermentation medium. Among the various amino acids and TCA cycle intermed...

A five-stage pipelined CPU based on the MIPs ISA is mapped to a self-timed logic family known as Phased Logic (PL). The mapping is performed automatically from a netlist of D-Flip-Flops and 4-input Lookup Tables (LUT4s) to a netlist of Phased Logic gates. Each PL gate implements a 4-input Lookup Table in addition to control logic required for the PL control scheme. PL offers a speedup technique...

It is shown that there does not exist a PL-bundle over S8 with fibre and total space PL-manifolds homotopy equivalent to CP and CP respectively. Consequently, the Hopf fibration over S8 admits no subfibration by PL-circles.

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a newly emerging human pathogen that was first isolated in 2012. MERS-CoV replication depends in part on a virus-encoded papain-like protease (PL(pro)) that cleaves the viral replicase polyproteins at three sites releasing non-structural protein 1 (nsp1), nsp2, and nsp3. In addition to this replicative function, MERS-CoV PL(pro) was rec...

Background—Mechanisms by which the Pl (Leu33Pro) polymorphism of 3 integrins could lead to an increased risk for coronary events are unclear. This study was designed to examine the effect of this polymorphism on blood coagulation. Methods and Results—In normal subjects (12 with Pl, 9 with Pl, and 3 with Pl), we evaluated the activation of prothrombin, factor V, and factor XIII and fibrinogen re...

The disposition kinetics of O-butyryl propranolol (butyryl-PL), a model compound containing an ester moiety, after intravenous administration was compared with that of PL in rats and beagle dogs. Rats showed only 30% conversion of butyryl-PL to PL up to 2 h after dosing, whereas dogs showed nearly complete conversion within 10 min after administration. The CL(total) of butyryl-PL in rats was 5....

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although pollen limitation of reproduction (PL) has been widely studied, our understanding of its occurrence in tropical communities, especially for bird-pollinated plants, is underdeveloped. In addition, inclusion of both quantity and quality aspects in studies of PL are generally lacking. Within hummingbird-pollinated plants, a prediction was made for higher PL for the qua...