In this paper, we focus on the frequent glitches of general family cars. Based on the Neural Network theory and combining with the Micro-chip processor technology, we design an expert system-‘‘Integrated Cars Repairing Tools” (ICRT) and the size of the proposed ICRT is quite small and achieves the following attractive functions: (1) Portable Electric-jack, (2) Electric Tire-pressure-meter, (3) ...

This paper discusses the effect of misalignments in ply orientation, uniform variations in ply thickness, and through-thickness thermal gradients on the post-cure shape errors for symmetric cross-ply laminates constructed from ultra-thin composite materials. Photogrammetry-based surface measurements are performed for laminates cured at elevated temperatures. Significant out-of-plane shape error...

Tire forces are the major forces propelling the road vehicles. They significantly affect the dynamic behavior of the vehicles. Estimation of the tire forces is essential in vehicle dynamics and control. This paper presents an observer-based scheme for estimation of the longitudinal tire force of electric vehicles in real time. The observer is based on a nonlinearity observer method. The pole-pl...

The purpose of this study was to (a) characterize the temporal aspects of a popular strongman event, the tire flip; (b) gain some insight into the temporal factors that could distinguish the slowest and fastest flips; and (c) obtain preliminary data on the physiological stress of this exercise. Five resistance-trained subjects with experience in performing the tire flip gave informed consent to...

Thin-ply composites are gaining significant attention owing to their high damage resistance and ability enhance design flexibility in a composite structure. Herein we proposed mechanics model considering diffuse discrete ply damages thin-ply laminates for mesoscale simulation. To investigate the effects of thickness on evolution, loading unloading tests were conducted using cross-ply, angle-ply...

Tire-road friction is the most important piece of information used by active safety systems. However, most conventional friction estimation/ detection methods are accurate only within the non-linear region. In addition, such methods require numerous sensors, such as yaw rate sensors, acceleration sensors, and steering angle sensors. In this paper, a friction estimation method using a tire vibra...

In this study, the rate dependency of transverse cracking evolution in cross-ply laminates is investigated for several 90° plies thicknesses. The crack detection methodology based on a recently proposed protocol relying use infrared thermography. A new analysis to make it more robust and directly link spatial localization with stress level at which occurs. Based methodology, results obtained va...

This paper developed three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to investigate the effect of fibre lay-up on the initiation of failure of laminated composites in bending. TsaiHill failure criterion was applied to identify the critical areas of failure in composite laminates. In accordance with the 3D FEA, unidirectional ([0]16), cross-ply ([0/90]4s) and angle-ply ([±45]4s) laminates m...

Foam core sandwich composites are widely used in primary structural components of launch vehicles and spacecraft. These structures exhibit complex failure modes and are highly sensitive to butt-joints, core mismatches, impact damage, voids, and facesheet delaminations. 3D Fiber Reinforced Foam Cores (3DFRFC) represent a new class of core material designed to replace standard foam core in future...