Pulmonary infections are common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive persons. Pneumoystis carinii (PC), now named as pneumocystis jiroveci, is the most frequently encountered pathogen. The study, carried out from June 1999 to May 2005, comprised as many as 1101 HIV positive persons presumed to be suffering from pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Induced sputum samples were obtained from ...