The dependence of the reflectance at the surface on the vertical structure of optical parameters is derived from first principles. It is shown that the depth dependence is a function of the derivative of the round trip attenuation of the downwelling and backscattered light. Previously the depth dependence was usually modeled as being dependent on the round trip attenuation. Using the new relati...

The Ryu-Takayanagi formula relates the entanglement entropy in a conformal field theory to the area of a minimal surface in its holographic dual. We show that this relation can be inverted for any state in the conformal field theory to compute the bulk stress-energy tensor near the boundary of the bulk spacetime, reconstructing the local data in the bulk from the entanglement on the boundary. W...

We give a derivation of the DeAngelis-Beddington functional response in terms of mechanisms at the individual level, and for the first time involving prey refuges instead of the usual interference between predators.

The time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation describes the dynamics of initially trapped Bose-Einstein condensates. We present a rigorous proof of this fact starting from a many-body bosonic Schrödinger equation with a short-scale repulsive interaction in the dilute limit. Our proof shows the persistence of an explicit short-scale correlation structure in the condensate.

Final size relations are known for many epidemic models. The derivations are often tedious and difficult, involving indirect methods to solve a system of integro-differential equations. Often when the details of the disease or population change, the final size relation does not. An alternate approach to deriving final sizes has been suggested. This approach directly considers the underlying sto...

Quaternion measurable processes are introduced and the Dirac equation is derived from the Langevin equation associated with a two-valued process.

We discuss the superstability of generalized module left derivations and generalized module derivations on a Banach module. Let A be a Banach algebra and X a Banach A-module, f : X → X and g : A → A. The mappings Δ1 f,g , Δ2 f,g , Δ3 f,g , and Δ4 f,g are defined and it is proved that if ‖Δ1 f,g x, y, z,w ‖ resp., ‖Δ3 f,g x, y, z,w, α, β ‖ is dominated by φ x, y, z,w , then f is a generalized re...

The purpose of this brief paper is to present a new derivation of Biot’s theory of linear poroelasticity [1, 2, 3] in a modern thermodynamically-consistent fashion, and show that it may be deduced as a special case of a more general theory of chemoelasticity.