We report on the unusual nature of the nu=0 state in the integer quantum Hall effect (QHE) in graphene and show that electron transport in this regime is dominated by counterpropagating edge states. Such states, intrinsic to massless Dirac quasiparticles, manifest themselves in a large longitudinal resistivity rho(xx) > or approximately h/e(2), in striking contrast to rho(xx) behavior in the st...

A high-precision spectral motional Stark effect (MSE) diagnostic provides internal magnetic field measurements for Madison Symmetric Torus (MST) plasmas. Currently, MST uses two spatial views--on the magnetic axis and on the midminor (off-axis) radius, the latter added recently. A new analysis scheme has been developed to infer both the pitch angle and the magnitude of the magnetic field from M...

The isolated dark low-mass objects in our Galaxy, such as free-floating planets (FFP), can be detected by microlensing observations. By the light curve can be defined three parameters, but only the Einstein time, TE involves the mass, the distance and the transverse velocity of the lens. To break this degeneracy, have to be detected the perturbations in the light curve due to the relative accel...

NifA is the transcriptional activator of the nif genes in Proteobacteria. It is usually regulated by nitrogen and oxygen, allowing biological nitrogen fixation to occur under appropriate conditions. NifA proteins have a typical three-domain structure, including a regulatory N-terminal GAF domain, which is involved in control by fixed nitrogen and not strictly required for activity, a catalytic ...

Optimization of the power system plays a major role in power system planning. Unit Commitment and Economic Dispatching are the most important part of every plant-planning project. Unit Commitment is the problem that searches the economical way for power generation, when the power consumption and altered constraints of the power plants are considered. Recently, the attention of the environmental...

Melting-point depression by soluble impurities is an entropy-driven phenomenon. Studying partially oxidized free sodium nanoparticles, we found an additional mechanism, which is caused by insoluble impurities. Oxidization of sodium clusters with 135-192 atoms by a single oxygen molecule causes a melting-point depression of 17+/-6 K; additional oxygen amplifies the effect. This is in contrast to...

Jagla ramp particles, interacting through a ramp potential with two characteristic length scales, are known to show in their bulk phase thermodynamic and dynamic anomalies, similar to what is found in water. Jagla particles also exhibit a line of phase transitions separating a low density liquid phase and a high density liquid phase, terminating in a liquid-liquid critical point in a region of ...

Following studies of human decision-making under risk and uncertainty, extensive evidence of loss aversion and asymmetric risk-taking behaviour around a reference point was found. This work presents an investigation of the effect of the reference point value on the stochastic network equilibrium. Prospect Theory, based on empirical experiments, proposes an alternative to the traditional risktak...

This paper discuss the effect of noise on vowel onset point (VOP) detection performance. Noise is one of the major degradation in real-time environments. In this work, initially effect of noise on VOP detection is studied by using recently developed VOP detection method. In this method, VOPs are detected by combining the complementary evidence from excitation source, spectral peaks and modulati...

Turning off a fixation point prior to or coincident with the appearance of a visual target reduces the latency of saccades to that target. We investigated this 'gap effect' when subjects fixated a central point or the center of a square formed by four points that were 4, 2 or 1 degree eccentric from the square's center. The fixation anchor vanished 200 ms prior to the appearance of a saccadic t...