Ala~traet--Errors-in-variables problems are considered for the case of three variables, where the underlying relations among the noise-free variables are linear, and covariance information for the noisy variables is available. The static problem where the variables are complex (which can arise when narrowband filtering is used) is analysed in detail. Some results are also presented for the case...

there is an inherently political activity in all transactions, therefore, it is considered as one of the constituent elements of the organizations and has attracted the attention of management researchers. although political behavior can have positive or negative consequences, much of the research focuses its dark side. this type of behavior creates a divisive and damaging work environment that...

In this paper I develop the idea of institutional conflict carried out in proxy by organizations representing the institutions. In the organizational proxy battles studied here, social movement organizations attempt to simultaneously delegitimize the targeted corporation as well as the institution which it is taken to represent. I further our understanding of institutional change by identifying...

The monitoring of the environment for the purpose of arranging, verifying, and predicting the environmental variables that become extremely important for the quality of life is one of the most fruitful fields of research in the present day scientific scenario (Moussiopoulos et al, 1995; Roadknight et al, 1997; Power et al, 1997; Jung Kao et al, Cox). This chapter aims to show how innovative tec...

Findings of this study demonstrate that entertainment talk shows matter for young people’s political engagement. Use of television entertainment talk shows for political information, particularly late night talk shows, was found to relate to all three categories of the criterion variables—political efficacy, political trust, and vote likelihood—either directly or via interacting with a third va...

The purpose of this study is to identify the role of sport as a soft power for Iranto facilitate its diplomatic relations after the nuclear deal. The research methodused in this study is mixed (qualitative and quantitative): in the qualitative part ofthe analysis, the study sample was selected via Snowball sampling based onpartricipants’ expertise in the sport diplomacy ...

Social scientists, particularly political scientists, frequently use ordinal survey items as dependent variables in models of political attitudes. Commonly, normal-theory modeling strategies like ordinary least squares regression are applied to these items. Additionally, workers also make frequent use of the proportional odds (ordinal logit) model or cumulative probit model when working with su...

It has been shown that states with higher per capita senate representation have higher federal spending per capita (Atlas, C. M., Gilligan, T. A., Hendershott, R. J. and Zupan, M. A. (1995). American Economic Review 85: 624–629). With a more recent data sample, more highly disaggregated data and a different set of political control variables, we are able to confirm the main result of Atlas et a...

Atlas et al. (1995) show that states with higher per capita senate representation have higher federal spending per capita. With a more recent data sample, more highly disaggregated data, and a different set of political control variables, we are able to confirm the main result of Atlas et al. that per capita senate representation is positively related to federal expenditure. This effect is stro...