This paper is concerned with stabilizing open loop unstable fluidized bed spray granulation with internal product classification by means of low order control methods. The process under investigation can be described by a population balance equation. In order to design a low order controller numerical approximation and model reduction methods are applied resulting in a low order design model. S...

The role of inelastic collisions in Hall thruster operation is studied through simulation of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) inside the thruster channel. The electron Boltzmann equation is solved using the Lorentz approximation (two-term expansion) and the "local-field" approximation. The resultant zero-dimensional Boltzmann equation takes into account inelastic losses due to i...

This study was intended to verify the effects of implementing the Balance-Scored Card (BSC) on the organizational performances by using BSC as the moderator. Managers and directors in smalland medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Taiwan’s electronics industry were interviewed and ROE data was sourced from Taiwan Economic Journal. This study adopted a simple random sampling method to sample the po...

Distance education has become an important method of extending education to populations that otherwise might be educationally neglected. Distance education in the private sector provides learners with more educational opportunities and widens the range of innovative services with a one-stop educational solution. With distance education, learners can undertake customized education on a more ubiq...

Abstract The paper presents a practical control approach, which can be used to directly design the shape of a crystal size distribution, to robustly achieve desired product properties. The control approach is implemented in a hierarchical structure where on the lower level a model-free crystallization control methodology, the supersaturation control, drives the system in the phase diagram, rath...

On the basis of the continuity equation and the Bernoulli equation in the steady form, a differential equation is developed to evaluate the successive water levels within compartments of an upright perforated wave absorber. Then the initial and boundary conditions are introduced and the differential equation is solved as an initial value problem. Finally the reflection coefficient from the wave...

The spectral action balance equation is an equation that used to simulate short-crested wind-generated waves in shallow water areas such as coastal regions and inland waters. This equation consists of two spatial dimensions, wave direction, and wave frequency which can be solved by finite difference method. When this equation with dominating convection term are discretized using central differe...

—We related the length at age of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, an indirect measure of growth, to three climatic and five morphoedaphic variables in 144 Texas reservoirs. Growth of channel catfish ages 3 through 6 was negatively related to longitude, a factor that explained as much as 34% of the variation in length at age. Channel catfish length at age was not significantly related to lat...

Abstract. The mathematical modelling of the dynamics of particle suspension is based on the population balance equation (PBE). PBE is an integro-differential equation for the population density that is a function of time t, space coordinates and internal parameters. Usually, the particle is characterized by a unique parameter, e.g. the matter volume v. PBE consists of several terms: for instanc...