The order of discovery can have a profound effect upon the way in which we think about the function of a gene. In E. coli, recA is nearly essential for cell survival in the presence of DNA damage. However, recA was originally identified, as a gene required to obtain recombinant DNA molecules in conjugating bacteria. As a result, it has been frequently assumed that recA promotes the survival of ...

College students, especially women, demonstrated negativity toward math and science relative to arts and language on implicit measures. Group membership (being female), group identity (self female), and gender stereotypes (math male) were related to attitudes and identification with mathematics. Stronger implicit math male stereotypes corresponded with more negative implicit and explicit math a...

OBJECTIVE Nightmares are a robust and modifiable predictor of increased suicidality and poor psychiatric outcomes, yet nightmare screening and treatment remain rare, even in sleep centers. This paper aims to examine what proportion of nightmare sufferers have discussed nightmares with a healthcare provider, as well as possible explanations for low rates of nightmare complaints. METHODS The pr...

But the Lord came down to see. .. the tower which the sons of men had built. And the Lord said, ''Indeed the people are one and they all have one language, and this is what they begin to do;. .. Come, let Us go down and there confuse their language, that they may not understand one another's speech.''. .. Therefore its name is called Babel, because there the Lord confused the language of all th...

When not performing a task, we are usually engaged in a variety of thoughts, for instance about current problems, opportunities, our self-image, our relationships, about past experiences, and about plans for the future. Such mind wandering was found to occupy almost half of our time spent awake (Killingsworth and Gilbert, 2010). Mind wandering may have had the evolutionary advantage of better a...

Mental retardation is more common in males than females in the population, assumed to be due to mutations on the X chromosome. The prevalence of the 24 genes identified to date is low and less common than expansions in FMR1, which cause Fragile X syndrome. Systematic screening of all other X linked genes in X linked families with mental retardation is currently not feasible in a clinical settin...