recommender systems (rs) provide personalized recommendation according to user need by analyzing behavior of users and gathering their information. one of the algorithms used in recommender systems is user-based collaborative filtering (cf) method. the idea is that if users have similar preferences in the past, they will probably have similar preferences in the future. the important part of col...

anthracnose caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides s. l. is one of the most important diseases of citrus in northern iran. to study the genetic structure of c. gloeosporioides s. l. from citrusspp., infected samples were collected from three citrus cultivating regions of northern iran, during the summer of 2009. fifty one monoconidial isolates were used as the objective of rep- and box-pcr fi...

the genetic diversity of 20 iranian populations of bunium persicum has been evaluated with random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) markers. fresh leaves of seedlings from each population were used for genomic dna extraction. analysis of banding patterns of 15 rapd primers and 17 aflp primer combinations, revealed 192 (86%) and 228 (75%) polymorp...

Abstract Understanding geographical characteristics of distribution patterns and spatial association is essential for statistical inference such as factor exploration prediction. The similarity principle was recently developed to explain the between variables. It describes comprehensive degree approximation a structure instead explicit relationships However, there are still challenges similarit...

in this paper, we present a revised similarity measure based onchen-and-chen's similarity measure for fuzzy risk analysis. the revisedsimilarity measure uses the corrected formulae to calculate the centre ofgravity points, therefore it is more  effective than the chen-and-chen'smethod. the revised similarity measure can overcome the drawbacks of theexisting methods. we have also proposed a new ...