The National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate System Model (NCAR CCSM, version 3) numerical coupled model is used to understand the climatic impacts on the South Atlantic Ocean due to industrialization and consequent increase of greenhouse gas emission. Two experiments are analyzed: the first one with trace/greenhouse gases at pre-industrial levels and a second one where presen...

We present an evaluation of daily estimates from three near real-time quasi-global Satellite Precipitation Products—Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA), Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN), and Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Morphing Technique (CMORPH)—over the African contine...

Several recent studies have shown that knowledge of the spatiotemporal dynamics soil moisture intrinsically contains information on precipitation. In this study, we show how SMOS measurements can be used to generate a near-real-time precipitation product with spatial resolution 0.1° and temporal 3 h. The principle consists assimilating data into model simulates evolution moisture, which is forc...

Anthropogenic changes in precipitation pose a serious threat to society-particularly in regions such as the Middle East that already face serious water shortages. However, climate model projections of regional precipitation remain highly uncertain. Moreover, standard resolution climate models have particular difficulty representing precipitation in the Middle East, which is modulated by complex...

Unprecedented increases in air temperature and erratic precipitation patterns are predicted throughout the twenty-first century as a result of climate change. A recent global analysis of leatherback turtle hatchling output predicts that the nesting site at Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge (SPNWR) will experience the most significant regional climate alterations. We aimed to identify how loc...

[1] The trends of global precipitation in 1900–2005 are evaluated using a historical precipitation reconstruction and coupled model simulations, Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3. A significant increasing trend in the global oceanic precipitation is identified in both the reconstruction and models. The trend from the reconstructed ...

[1] The error in the diurnal cycle of precipitation over land in the tropics in the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts forecast model is investigated using a single column model with idealized forcing of the omega field, as well as short-term and long runs of the full three-dimensional model. The model precipitates a few hours after sunrise, as it does not represent correctly th...

We hypothesized that changes in the pattern of spring precipitation would alter the species composition of a temperate soil-surface collembolan community. Experimental manipulation of precipitation during a drought in southern England was used to test this hypothesis in spring 1997. Replicated plots in a field of spring peas received spring drought (plots shielded from rainfall), reference (act...

According to the field investigation data, a meteorological forecast and alarm model of geologic disasters in Hefei Area has been established. This model was based on GIS raster data model in order to be integrated with GIS Digital Terrain Model (DTM) Component Object Model (COM). Some important factors that put premium on geological hazards, such as intraday and five-day forecasting and limina...

BACKGROUND The longer growing season under climate warming has served as a crucial mechanism for the enhancement of terrestrial carbon (C) sink over the past decades. A better understanding of this mechanism is critical for projection of changes in C cycling of terrestrial ecosystems. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A 4-year field experiment with day and night warming was conducted to examine ...