Monsoon circulations are major features of the tropical atmosphere, which, primarily through the rainfall associated with them, are of profound importance to a large fraction of the world’s population. While there is no universally accepted definition of what constitutes a monsoon, there are some criteria that are widely accepted (see, e.g., the discussions in Ramage (1971), Webster (1987), and...

Crop gross primary productivity (GPP) is an important characteristic for evaluating crop nitrogen content and yield, as well as the carbon exchange. Based on the close relationship observed between GPP and total chlorophyll content in crops, we applied a model that relies on a product of chlorophyll-related vegetation index and incoming photosynthetically active radiation for remote estimation ...

Melanie K. Karremann,* Margarida L. R. Liberato,3,4 Paulina Ordóñez3,5 and Joaquim G. Pinto1,6 1Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany 2Now at: Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany 3Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila-Real, Portugal 4Instituto...

Composition of web services is a powerful means to answer user needs in many domains. This communication focuses on applications in meteorology. This domain presents several particularities which are discussed. We present an overview of three main types of approaches in composition of web services: static plan, IA-plan and theorem proof. We confront these types of approaches to the specific cas...

There is a large uncertainty in the relative roles of human land use, climate change and carbon dioxide fertilization in changing desert dust source strength over the past 100 years, and the overall sign of human impacts on dust is not known. We used visibility data from meteorological stations in dusty regions to assess the anthropogenic impact on long term trends in desert dust emissions. We ...