Bolstered by significant productivity improvement in manufacturing technology, the construction paradigm has shifted toward industrialized construction methods, such as modular construction. Modular construction has benefitted from the long term development of the manufacturing technologies and core techniques used in the assembly production lines of construction prefabrication plants. Lean pro...

Finnish national research project, Userand Businessoriented Suburb Renovation Concept (KLIKK), was started in January 2012 and will end in June 2014. The perspective of energy efficiency is emphasised in the project, but also it addresses what improving the energy efficiency of suburban apartment buildings means from the standpoint of architecturally valuable buildings representing different pe...

The reconstruction of maxillofacial bone defects by the intraoperative modeling of implants may reduce the predictability of the esthetic result, leading to more invasive surgery and increased surgical time. To improve the maxillofacial surgery outcome, modern manufacturing methods such as rapid prototyping (RP) technology and methods based on reverse engineering (RE) and medical imaging data a...

Several authors have successfully created and employed vintage cohorts and housing typologies in research addressing energy renovation needs in the existing dwelling stock. This paper suggests that the idea of types would be useful in creating living quality related renovation and adaptation concepts for homes as well. Such concepts could be used for increasing accessibility and individuality o...

Several authors have successfully created and employed vintage cohorts and housing typologies in research addressing energy renovation needs in the existing dwelling stock. This paper suggests that the idea of types would be useful in creating living quality related renovation and adaptation concepts for homes as well. Such concepts could be used for increasing accessibility and individuality o...

Time and manpower constraints associated with acute combat casualty care can make antibiotic bead production at the point of care prohibitively difficult, if not impossible. The purpose of this study is to evaluate our technique for the sterile prefabrication of antibiotic-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) beads in the combat hospital environment by assessing their sterility at the time...

Designing for Construction Safety (DfCS) is a process in which engineers and architects explicitly consider the safety of construction workers during the design process. Although the process has been required in the UK since 1995 and the initiative is gaining momentum in the U.S. on a voluntary basis, there has been little theory to date to predict or guide the evolution of DfCS. This paper sug...

Meniscus degeneration due to age or injury can lead to osteoarthritis. Although promising, current cell-based approaches show limited success. Here we present three-dimensional methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) scaffolds patterned via projection stereolithography to emulate the circumferential alignment of cells in native meniscus tissue. Cultured human avascular zone meniscus cells from normal men...

Prefabricated modular housing structures have become a promising alternative to site-built structures with equal or higher engineering quality and durability. Major advantages of this technology are fast and cost-efficient construction, reduced labor requirements, and superior quality control due to factory production. The modular design of these prefabricated structures offers the opportunity ...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND.: Microvascular free tissue transfer has become increasingly popular in the reconstruction of head and neck defects, but it also has its disadvantages. Tissue engineering allows the generation of neo-tissue for implantation, but these tissues are often avascular. We propose to combine tissue-engineering techniques together with flap prefabrication techniques to generate a ...