to facilitate a comprehensive whole population visual acuity screening, a 1-meter vision screener “e” chart was prepared to be used in the person-by-person household visual acuity examination by non-expert health workers. the chart is designed to be used in measuring visual acuity from a distance of one meter. the scaling is in terms of-log mar (logarithm of minimum angle of resolution) with a ...

Evaluation of group support is a complex task and its design must be carefully planned in order to produce useful results. Many factors may influence the evaluation design, some of them have been suggested in the literature. However, in a particular evaluation context, additional factors may arise, influencing and even compromising the evaluation design. We argue that preliminary evaluations mu...

The critical design decisions in bridge design are made at the preliminary design stage. This stage depends on the expertise of the designer, built up from extensive experience. Experience is diicult to acquire, and may be entirely lacking when new technology is introduced. As a result, there is little shareable and transferable collective design knowledge within the profession. This paper expl...

the specific vulnerability of children and by extension, the need to promote disaster awareness among children as an integral part of disaster risk-reduction strategies is an emergent theme in the disaster management fraternity. the challenge however, is in the design of awarenesspromotion tools that are relevant to and appropriate for the specific learning needs of children. the disaster aware...

enhanced oil recovery using nitrogen injection is a commonly applied method for pressuremaintenance in conventional reservoirs. numerical simulations can be practiced for the prediction ofa reservoir performance in the course of injection process; however, a detailed simulation might takeup enormous computer processing time. in such cases, a simple statistical model may be a goodapproach to the...

difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia) is common among all age groups, especially in elderly and children. orally disintegrating tablets constitute an innovative dosage form that overcomes the problems of swallowing and provides a quicksetof action. the purpose of this study was to formulate and evaluate an orally disintegrating tablet (odt) containing captopril while using croscarmellose sodium,...