Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a well-known non-invasive technique for the study of brain function. One of its most common clinical applications is preoperative language mapping, essential for the preservation of function in neurosurgical patients. Typically, fMRI is used to track task-related activity, but poor task performance and movement artifacts can be critical limitation...

Effective haemodialysis (HD) requires a reliable vascular access (VA). Clinical practice guidelines strongly recommend the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) as the preferred VA in HD patients. The creation of an AVF should be promoted in all eligible patients who choose HD, as it improves outcomes and reduces costs when compared with central venous catheters. Fistula eligibility is a 'work in progres...

BACKGROUND Medial opening wedge distal tibial osteotomy, a relatively new technique for treatment of intermediate ankle joint arthritis, is a technically demanding procedure that requires preoperative planning to determine the size of the wedge that will restore anatomic alignment of the joint surface. The purpose of this study was to facilitate the preoperative planning process for distal tibi...

Surgical simulations are particularly appropriate for the large volume and expense of joint replacement procedures in orthopaedics. A first generation surgical simulator has been developed to model the implantation procedure for cementless acetabular and femoral components in total hip replacement surgery. The simulator is based upon finite element analysis and predicts the early postoperative ...

The pelvic support osteotomy is a double level femoral osteotomy with the objective of eliminating a Trendelenburg and short limb gait in young patients with severe hip joint destruction as a consequence of neonatal septic arthritis. The osteotomy has seen several changes and a brief historical overview is provided to set the evolution of the modifications of the procedure in context. We presen...

This paper describes a proposed CAD graphics application that analyze digital radiography image for preoperative surgery in shoulder hemiarthroplasty. The purpose of designing this application is to aid orthopedic surgeon in preoperative planning phase before surgery, in terms of selecting suitable implant and manipulating the digital radiograph by using various facilities or tools available in...

A patient specific finite element biphasic brain model has been utilized to codify a surgeon's experience by establishing quantifiable biomechanical measures to score orientations for optimal planning of brain tumor resection. When faced with evaluating several potential approaches to tumor removal during preoperative planning, the goal of this work is to facilitate the surgeon’s selection of a...

An overview of the current status of the development of our navigation system for resection of liver tumours is given. The system is based on intraoperative 3D ultrasound volumes for image-guided navigation of surgical instruments. It is also possible to perform a virtual 3D planning of the tumour resection and to non-rigidly register these preoperative models to the intraoperative ultrasound v...

INTRODUCTION The authors performed videolaryngoscopy during the preoperative anesthesia clinic evaluation of a patient with chronic dyspnea, stridor, and a previous hemilaryngectomy scheduled to undergo a series of orthopedic surgery procedures for an infected knee arthroplasty. The findings proved crucial for determining airway management. CASE PRESENTATION A 68-year-old man presented to the...

This article addresses the issue of preoperative planning in the surgical treatment of brain pathologies in the light of current concepts of the functional organization of the human brain. The primary issues discussed here include general neurosurgical strategy, modern diagnostic techniques (including function al magnetic resonance, tractography, and cortical sti mu la tion), image guided surge...