Few studies have evaluated the risk factors for in-hospital mortality in critically ill surgical patients who have undergone emergency gastrointestinal (GI) surgery. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality in critically ill surgical patients after emergency GI surgery.The medical records of 362 critically ill surgical patients who underwent e...

OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of the off-pump technique in preventing stroke development during the early perioperative period after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). METHODS Patients undergoing isolated CABG surgery were enrolled from 21 Spanish cardiac-surgery centres. Baseline variables related to perioperative stroke risk were recorded in the preoperative (age, gender, dia...

BACKGROUND Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a common complication with a poor prognosis. In order to identify modifiable perioperative risk factors for AKI, which existing risk scores are insufficient to predict, a dynamic clinical risk score to allow clinicians to estimate the risk of CSA-AKI from preoperative to early postoperative periods is needed. METHODS AND R...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are high in patients with chronic kidney disease. We evaluated the influence of small differences in preoperative kidney function on mortality and complications following cardiac surgery. METHODS This is an observational study that included adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)...

BACKGROUND Surgical site infections can follow clean orthopaedic operations and can cause serious morbidity, mortality and increased resource utilization. Despite this, there are few studies on risk factors for surgical site infections in the Nigerian orthopaedic literature. We conducted a prospective study to determine the host and environmental risk factors for surgical site infections follow...

OBJECTIVES Perioperative transfusions are known to increase morbidity and mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The aims of the study were (1) to identify the clinical profile of the patient subset at highest risk from transfusion and (2) to disclose causative relationship and dose-dependency of transfusion on hospital mortality. METHODS A prospective observational design wa...

BACKGROUND Previous trials of interventions to prevent acute kidney injury (AKI) have been unsuccessful and additional interventions are needed. Existing reviews of preoperative renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors have suggested harm. We included more recent studies and conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of postoperative AKI in patients who received preoperative RAS inhibit...

Implementation of anaesthesia begins with a preoperative assessment of the surgical patient and development of an anaesthetic plan. Preparation of the patient includes the preoperative assessment, review of preoperative tests, optimisation of medical conditions, adequate preoperative fasting, appropriate premedication, and the explanation of anaesthetic risk to patients. The goals of preoperati...

BACKGROUND Allogeneic transfusions are necessary in 14% to 80% of patients undergoing major head and neck cancer surgery. Defining the risk for receiving allogeneic transfusion allows for informed decisions regarding appropriateness of type and crossmatch, preoperative autologous blood donation, and priming with erythropoietin. Based on logistic regression analysis of transfusion risk factors i...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome is a rare but serious complication of carotid revascularization, including carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid stent placement, which can occur in patients with preoperative impairments in cerebral hemodynamics. The purpose of this study was to determine whether preoperative cerebral blood volume (CBV) measured by perfusion-weighted M...