Ten hospital outpatients with bilateral chronic simple glaucoma received a single drop of 2% pilocarpine to one eye and a continuous infusion of 0.1 % pilocarpine at a flow rate of 0.01 ml/min to the other eye (both solutions were at pH 7.2). On another occasion the treatments were reversed. Measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter were made at 30 min intervals for 2 hours....

Background:  Patients undergoing cemented hip hemiarthroplasty may develop bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS) which is a leading cause of intraoperative complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular changes during cemented hip hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients.   Methods:  Cemented hip hemiarthroplasty was performed on 72 patients with femoral neck fracture. A...

BACKGROUND Accumulated secretions after intubation can affect the resistance of an endotracheal tube (ETT). Our objective was to measure extubated patient tubes and size-matched controls to evaluate differences in resistance. METHODS New ETTs, with internal diameters of 7.0 through 8.5 mm, were tested as controls to establish the resistance of each size group as measured by pressure drop. Mea...

The combustion of a moving liquid fuel drop has been investigated. The drop experiences a strong evaporation-induced radial velocity while undergoing slow translation. In view of the high evaporation velocity, the flow field is not in the Stokes regime. The combustion process is modelled by an indefinitely fast chemical reaction rate. While the flow and the transport in the continuous phase and...

A simple-to-fabricate woven mesh, consisting of bonded laminates of two-dimensional plain-weave conductive screens is described. Geometric equations show that these porous matrices can be fabricated to have a wide range of porosity and a highly anisotropic thermal conductivity vector. A mathematical model of the thermal performance of such a mesh, deployed as a heat exchange surface, is develop...

The pressure required to drive flow through a microfluidic device is an important characteristic of that device. We present a method to measure the flow rate through microfluidic components and systems, including micropumps and microvalves. The measurement platform is composed of two pressure sensors and a glass tube, which provides series resistance. The principle of the measurement is the flu...

Cavitation in a liquid moving past a constraint is numerically investigated by means of a free-energy lattice Boltzmann simulation based on the van der Waals equation of state. The fluid is streamed past an obstacle and, depending on the pressure drop between inlet and outlet, vapor formation underneath the corner of the sack-wall is observed. The circumstances of cavitation formation are inves...

The thermodynamic analysis of irreversible processes has an important influence in energy efficiency growing of any thermodynamic processes or systems. All of thermodynamic processes are entropy generators but there are processes with such a high level of irreversibility so that couldn’t be ignored. That is why is so important to provide a feel for what causes entropy generation and to identify...

The objective of the current experimental program is to generate data for liquid flow through micro-channels. The channel dimensions are 0.9 mm deep x 0.5 mm width. Rectangular seven micro-channels each of 70 mm long were cut on a stainless steel substrate (100 mm x 100 mm x 10 mm) by Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) technique. Covering the top with another plate formed the channels. The liqui...

a periodic increase in blood pressure (bp) occurs during apneic episodes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (osa). several factors including hypoxemia and an increase in heart rate (hr) were reported to be responsible for this increased bp. to examine the contribution of these two factors in increasing bp, 35 healthy male subjects (mean age±sd= 23.64±3.80) were studied in three experiment...