OBJECTIVE To describe the socio-demographic along with the medico-legal characteristics of rape victims reporting to a female police station of Lahore. STUDY DESIGN Observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Female Police Station in Shadman, Lahore, from, June 1995 to January 2009. METHODOLOGY A total of 74 cases of alleged rape victims were identified while reviewing all available ...

The advent of new imaging techniques is broadening our understanding of the major psychiatric illnesses. The increased knowledge of brain function will have consequences for the expert medical witness who has to give evidence in court. Both the insanity defence and the defence of automatism depend on disorders of the mind. Psychiatry is now able in many cases to produce evidence that these are ...

had considerable experience of " shell-shock" in the war, and included eminent neurologists. They heard evidence from a number of distinguished men, representing opinion on the military, medical and legal aspect of the subject, and also from officers and men who had suffered from " shell-shock." They have made a lengthy and exhaustive report which must long remain the authoritative work on the ...

this study explores how and to what extent recent developments in hermeneutical philosophy and methodology can be applied to religious studies, and particularly to questions that have a political focus. it begins from the assumption that it is possible to apply hermeneutics to interpreting the koran and religious questions. in addition, apart from relativist hermeneutics, other classical approa...

Malaria vaccine candidates have already been tested and new trials are being carried out. We present a brief description of specific issues of validity that are relevant when assessing vaccine efficacy in the field and illustrate how the application of these principles might improve our interpretation of the data being gathered in actual malaria vaccine field trials. Our discussion assumes that...

Recently, the second author, Briseid and Safarik introduced nonstandard Dialectica, a functional interpretation that is capable of eliminating instances of familiar principles of nonstandard arithmetic including overspill, underspill, and generalisations to higher types from proofs. We show that, under few metatheoretical assumptions, the properties of this interpretation are mirrored by first ...

The temporal structure of events on the discourse level has long been of great interest in both theoretical and computational linguistics. In this paper, we offer a unified approach to the temporal relationships related to a hierarchical discourse structure. We apply the method of pronoun resolution to the interpretation of tense. It is based on an analysis within the framework of the controlle...

We present critical arguments against individual interpretation of Bohr’s complementarity and Heisenberg’s uncertainty principles. Statistical interpretation of these principles is discussed in the contextual framework. We support the possibility to use Statistical Contextual Realist Interpretation of quantum formalism. In spite of all no-go theorems (e.g., von Neumann, Kochen and Specker,..., ...