High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein was originally characterized as a nuclear DNA-binding protein, and was described to have an extracellular role when involved in cellular activation and proinflammatory responses. In the present study, we have found that the proinflammatory activity of recombinant HMGB1 proteins is determined by the containing endotoxin level, and HMGB1 that contains few...

Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor of oral mucosa. Currently, diagnosis cancer based on clinical examination and histopathological analysis. Numerous potential biomarkers have been suggested for diagnosis, but results are contradictory. A great achievement could be identification that indicate early stage progression OSCC. Saliva an easy to obtain bi...

Sustained stress triggers series of changes in the brain and the body. At the early stage of stress, the activated hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) axis can upregulate the levels of glucocorticoid (GCs) and catecholamines (CAs), respectively, and then they in turn inhibit the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines directly or indirectly while promot...