A monoid S satisfies Condition (A) if every locally cyclic left S-act is cyclic. This condition first arose in Isbell’s work on left perfect monoids, that is, monoids such that every left S-act has a projective cover. Isbell showed that S is left perfect if and only if every cyclic left S-act has a projective cover and Condition (A) holds. Fountain built on Isbell’s work to show that S is left ...

We investigate the direct contribution of strong, sunspot-like magnetic fields to helioseismic wave travel-time shifts via two numerical forward models, a 3D ideal MHD solver and MHD ray theory. The simulated data cubes are analyzed using the traditional time-distance center-to-annulus measurement technique. We also isolate and analyze the direct contribution from purely thermal perturbations t...

Tropical moist forests contain the majority of terrestrial species. Human actions destroy between 1 and 2 million km(2) of such forests per decade, with concomitant carbon release into the atmosphere. Within these forests, protected areas are the principle defense against forest loss and species extinctions. Four regions-the Amazon, Congo, South American Atlantic Coast, and West Africa-once con...

Since its introduction in 1983 (11), the baculovirus system has become widely used in studies on eukaryotic proteins, especially those synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. In a few cases, heterogeneity has been observed in proteins produced in Spodoptera cells, pointing to limited proteolysis such as amyloid precursor protein (9), interferon α2 (12) and muscarinic M2 receptor (3). In...

The public and private level cross-sectional shreds of evidence on poverty are available at the national sub-national levels in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Bureau Statistics provides us a measure almost after 5 years. While food has been analyzed various but discussion security got scanty importance. Since is not static mostly dynamic, an in-depth analysis those two issues Rangpur regions (poverty-p...