In microelectronics, single failure events sporadically occur which, in some areas, like plane and space navigation, could have catastrophic consequences. Preliminary estimations [1] and more recent experiments [2] indicate a correlation between these events and the Background Neutron Radiation (BNR) [3]. The mechanism of failure is the collision of a neutron from the BNR with an atomic nucleus...

Traffic crashes are burdening societies with severe costs in terms of public health and economic loss. Intersection-related responsible for a large proportion these losses due to their higher frequency severity. Understanding the factors contributing intersection crash severity is essential mitigate grave consequences. This study covered analysis roadway risk factors, influencing equivalent pro...

During the investigation of criminal offences involving destruction or damage to property, an investigative experiment is effective means establishing circumstances case and guilt suspect. It has been proved that during experiment, not only reliability information obtained verified, scene event recreated, taking into account situation, details features offence, but also accuracy versions put fo...

BACKGROUND Road traffic collision (RTC) is one of many public health problems. Globally, about 1.2 million people die due to RTCs every year. Of these, 85% reside in low- and middle-income countries. Despite low road network density and vehicle ownership, Ethiopia has a relatively high collision record. Collisions in the Addis Ababa and Oromia Regions account for 58% of all fatal collisions in ...

In this paper, based on the BGK equation, Liouville's theorem, and symplecticity preserving property of a Hamiltonian flow, a well-balanced kinetic scheme for the compressible Navier-Stokes equations under external forcing field is developed. In order to construct such a scheme, the physical process of particles transport through a potential barrier at a cell interface will be modeled with pene...

The reflective optical multi-films with high damage thresholds are widely used in intense-light systems. Metasurfaces, which can manipulate light peculiarly, give a new approach to achieve highly films by single-layer configuration. In this study, metasurfaces, composed of silicon nanoholes, numerically investigated thresholds. These nanoholes confine the strongest electric field into air zone,...

This paper investigates the effects of inter-organizational collaboration on the effectiveness of U.S. municipal fire departments. Almost all U.S. fire departments engage in the reciprocal exchange of fire services with neighboring departments. However, there is substantial variety in these relationships. First, some departments exchange help with greater frequency than others. Second, some dep...