We have determined the release of prostaglandin E2 into the lumen of closed ileal loops in the rat and have measured the capacity of the mucosa to synthesise and degrade prostaglandin E2 both in control animals and after exposure to cholera toxin or bisacodyl. Exposure to cholera toxin caused no change in any of these measurements whereas bisacodyl caused an increase in the luminal PGE2 content...

To explain a possible pathogenesis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in homosexual males, we propose the following hypothesis. Prostaglandin E2 in human semen given via anus during anal intercourse may cause an immune dysregulation in the male semen recipients; this immunosuppressive effect of prostaglandin E2 may be one of the underlying factors that stimulate AIDS-associated virus...

OBJECTIVE To review the outcome of induction of labor with vaginal prostaglandin-E2 in grand multiparous women with one previous cesarean section. METHODS Twenty-six grand multiparous women with one previous cesarean section were induced with vaginal prostaglandin-E2. RESULTS Twenty (76.9%) women delivered vaginally and six (23.1%) women delivered by emergency cesarean section. The mean dur...

The effects of recombinant interferon gamma (rIFN gamma) on the in vitro growth of adherent synovial fibroblast-like cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and also on the release of prostaglandin E2 and collagenase from these cells stimulated with recombinant interleukin-1 beta (rIL-1 beta) were investigated. The growth of adherent synovial cells from six of nine samples, determine...

To investigate the role of prostaglandins I2 and E2 in modulating the vasoconstrictor response to sympathetic stimulation, repeated and proximate cold pressor tests were performed in 23 healthy young volunteers. Limb vascular resistance (blood flow measured by venous occlusion plethysmography), prostaglandin I2 (as 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha) and prostaglandin E2 plasma levels (detected by ra...

We have studied the role of prostaglandin E2 on the modulation of tumor necrosis factor by immunologically elicited and lipopolysaccharide treated murine macrophages. Indomethacin, a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin E2 production, caused a dose dependent augmentation of lipopolysaccharide induced tumor necrosis factor production (2-3 fold at 10(-7) molar). Tumor necrosis factor was released in...

The aim of this study was to investigate the unknown effects 17β-estradiol (E2) on ureteral contractility and receptor mechanisms involved. By utilising isolated porcine distal strips, we observed that E2 (30–300 μM) a G protein-coupled estrogen specific agonist G-1 (30 both increased frequency phasic contractions ureter (P<0.05). also decreased maximum amplitude these antagonist G-36 (10 rever...

OBJECTIVE A novel prostaglandin F2alpha receptor antagonist, THG113.31, was tested for the suppression of uterine contractility and delay of preterm labor in sheep. STUDY DESIGN We determined the tocolytic effectiveness of THG113.31 on contractions that were stimulated in vitro by prostaglandin F2alpha and E2 in longitudinal and circular myometrial strips. We also tested the ability of THG113...

Prostaglandins are present in large quantities in the kidney and have been shown to directly affect transepithelial transport. The present studies were designed to examine whether prostaglandin E2 could affect chloride transport across the thick ascending limb of Henle. Isolated segments of the cortical and medullary thick ascending limb of Henle were perfused in vitro and the transepithelial v...

A case of a 69 year old man in whom hypertrophic gastritis was associated with the carcinoid syndrome is reported. Concentrations of prostaglandin E2 were increased in plasma, gastric juice, gastric mucosa and urine. He had marked hypochlorhydria in response to pentagastrin stimulation (Peak acid output (PAO) pg:0.2 mmol/h). After successful hepatic arterial embolisation of the metastases (as i...