BACKGROUND The objective of this research was to design an effective gene delivery system composed of cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), protamine, and Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA. METHODS Cationic SLNs were prepared using an aqueous solvent diffusion method with octadecylamine as the cationic lipid material. First, protamine was combined with DNA to form binary protamine/DNA nanopartic...

BACKGROUND Systemic protamine sulfate for heparin reversal after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with uncommon, but life-threatening adverse reactions. METHODS In a prospective randomized 3-day outcomes study, a heparin removal device (HRD) group (n = 12; 60-, 80-, 100-kg subgroups) was compared with a matched systemic Protamine group (Protamine; n = 6) for safety and efficacy usin...

A well-defined, one-to-one conjugate between human serum albumin (HSA) and protamine was synthesized and characterized as a biocompatible carrier for macromolecules. In circulation, the conjugate will camouflage drug molecules upon complex formation, while liberating free drug at the desired location using a triggering mechanism. The N-terminus of protamine was thiolated and conjugated with the...

Overweight and obesity are usually related with high fat and calorie intake, and seriously causative of lifestyle-related diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, arteriosclerosis, and colon cancer. In this study, we propose a novel dietary therapy against overweight and obesity using mixtures of protamine and chitooligosaccharide (COS), which are known to interrupt the lipid metabolism in th...

Protamines are extremely variable and positively charged proteins which act by compacting the DNA in the sperm nucleus of many species (1). Their precise role and evolutionary pathways are not well understood at present probably because of the variable nature of these proteins and the corresponding sperm-associated structures together with the limited number of species with known protamine nucl...

Protamine reversal of heparin anticoagulation in patients is occasionally associated with life-threatening acute pulmonary hypertension. In a sheep model, we evaluated the effect on this adverse cardiopulmonary reaction of modifying the type of heparin (low molecular weight heparin compared with unfractionated heparin) and the type of heparin antagonist (polybrene compared with protamine). Prot...

 Abstract Background: Thrombosis will occur due to contact of blood with unepithelialized surfaces after vascular clamping and also blood stasis during vascular surgery. Heparin is administered to prevent thrombosis. The aPTT test is used for assurance of the anticoagulative effect of heparin. At the end of the operation heparin is neutralized by protamine sulfate in some centers. In this study...

Background: Thrombosis will occur due to contact of blood with unepithelialized surfaces after vascular clamping and also blood stasis during vascular surgery. Heparin is administered to prevent thrombosis. The aPTT test is used for assurance of the anticoagulative effect of heparin. At the end of the operation heparin is neutralized by protamine sulfate in some centers. In this study we assess...

Circulating concentrations of split products of the third complement factor (C3c and C3d) were measured in five patients before, during and after cardiopulmonary bypass. In all patients, C3d concentrations increased significantly in samples obtained after the administration of protamine sulphate. Similarly, circulating C3c was seen only in those samples obtained immediately after protamine admi...