Two studies were conducted to determine the effects of enhanced auditory feedback on typing force, electromyography (EMG) and subjective discomfort. The introduction of enhanced auditory feedback caused a 10-20% reduction in 90th percentile typing force, finger flexor EMG, and finger extensor EMG. Adaptation to the enhanced auditory feedback occurred in <3 min. After 1 week of intermittent enha...

Fifty-six human and 24 adult dairy cattle isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium from a single county in California were compared using ribotyping, insertion sequence typing (IS200), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, plasmid typing, phage typing, and antimicrobial resistance testing. The majority of the isolates fell into one of two groups which were phage types DT104 and DT193. Co...

introduction: recognition of human leukocyte antigens (hla) is of importance for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. any hla-mismatches between the donor and recipient can cause graft rejection or other complications. in hla-typing experiments, usage of hla-known reference cells accompany with hla-unknown samples is obligatory. some international centers represent these cells with high exp...

background: salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is one of the most important serovars of salmonella enterica and is associated with human salmonellosis worldwide. many epidemiological studies have focused on the characteristics of salmonella typhimurium in many countries as well as in asia. this study was conducted to investigate the genetic characteristics of salmonella typhimurium using m...

background and objectives: in may 2007, high mortality with severe septicemia was reported in 17 flocks of canaries in different regions of tehran province. this study was designed to follow up and study a great outbreak of salmonellosis in these canaries. materials and methods: two carcasses from every flock, environment, food and water resources were examined. after isolating the bacteria, se...

Accurate and rapid typing of pathogens is essential for effective surveillance and outbreak detection. Conventional serotyping of Escherichia coli is a delicate, laborious, time-consuming, and expensive procedure. With whole-genome sequencing (WGS) becoming cheaper, it has vast potential in routine typing and surveillance. The aim of this study was to establish a valid and publicly available to...