Trade and investment liberalisation in tobacco products oVers no benefits for tobacco control. Thus, if trade and investment liberalisation—as embodied in international agreements or viewed as an economic process—may harm tobacco control, as we believe it might, then trade and investment liberalisation in tobacco is an unhealthy and inappropriate public policy. We support the resolution of the ...

Foreign aid recipient fiscal response in developing countries is studied using utility/welfare maximization principle. The underlying assumption of this function (utility/welfare can be maximized by narrowing the deviations of the actual values from their desired values subject to the constraints of finance) doesn’t capture the interplay between project aid inflows and the adjustment process of...

Received April 5, 2016 Revised May 10, 2016 Approved June 18, 2016 The financial surface of the globe at all times reveals a weird balanced impact of the public investment preferences, their understanding about the investment requirements, their anticipation of returns on their investments etc. Perhaps forecasting the growth of the business world would be crucial without an apposite comprehensi...

Foreign aid recipient fiscal response in developing countries is studied using utility/welfare maximization principle. The underlying assumption of this function (utility/welfare can be maximized by narrowing the deviations of the actual values from their desired values subject to the constraints of finance) doesn’t capture the interplay between project aid inflows and the adjustment process of...

This paper investigates the efficiency of urban public transport systems in China by a data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. Based on the data from 652 China cities in 2004 and 2006, we find that the efficiency of overall urban public transport system is relatively low but with a sign of improvement from 2004 to 2006. The urban public transport systems in east coast, south coast and middle ...

Time preferences vary by age. Notably, according to experimental studies, senior citizens tend to discount future payoff s more heavily than working-age individuals. Based on these fi ndings, we hypothesize that demographic change has contributed to the cut-back in government-fi nanced investment that many advanced economies experienced over the last four decades. We demonstrate for a panel of ...

A long history of debate exists among macroeconomists regarding the degree to which public capital contributes to overall economic activity. Estimates of the output elasticity with respect to public capital range anywhere from 0.06 in early work by Ratner (1983) to as high as 0.39 in a widely cited study by Aschauer (1989). This elasticity refers to the percentage change in GDP induced by a giv...

This paper develops a model where short-term reputation concerns guide the public disclosure of information and affect welfare in a coordination environment. Entrepreneurs use public information to make investment decisions, and there is complementarity in their actions. There are and high and low states that determine the productivity in the economy, and the high state is more likely if the go...

Technological innovation is vital to enhancing agricultural productivity and reducing poverty in many developing countries. Public investment in research and development has historically driven technological change in agriculture; however, recent trends suggest that the private sector may play a larger role in the future. Although there is optimism about the private sector’s ability to generate...

The aim of this paper is to examine the concentration of wealth among the group of top wealth holders, defined as those with wealth in excess of a high cut off. The paper begins by considering the definition of this cut off, analogous to the definition of a poverty line at the other end of the distribution. It then considers what can be learned about the proportion classified as ‘rich’ and abou...