2-Adrenoceptors are important modulators of vascular tone, particularly in the pulmonary circulation. Because neurohormonal activation occurs in pulmonary arterial hypertension, we have investigated the effect of different adrenergic vasoactive substances on tone regulation in large and small pulmonary arteries, as well as in systemic vessels of mice. We found that the 2-adrenoceptor antagonist...

Hepatopulmonary syndrome consists of a clinical triad: arterial blood deoxygenation, intrapulmonary vasodilation, and liver disease. Both acute and chronic cases of this syndrome have been reported, and the most common cause is cirrhosis. The principle disease mechanism is dilation of the pulmonary blood vessels causing alterations in gas exchange. Increased pulmonary production of nitric acid ...

The new selective 5-HT2 receptor blocking agent ketanserin was given in a dose of 10 mg intravenously to 12 patients with essential hypertension. It caused a distinct fall in supine systemic arterial, right atrial, pulmonary artery, and pulmonary capillary "wedge" pressures. Cardiac output, renal blood flow, and glomerular filtration rate showed no persistent changes. Thus 5-HT2 receptor blocka...

beta(2)-adrenoceptors are important modulators of vascular tone, particularly in the pulmonary circulation. Because neurohormonal activation occurs in pulmonary arterial hypertension, we have investigated the effect of different adrenergic vasoactive substances on tone regulation in large and small pulmonary arteries, as well as in systemic vessels of mice. We found that the beta(2)-adrenocepto...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an due to inflammatory processes of the respiratory tract and lung parenchyma. In some cases COPD, changes in vessels are found which not uncommon, causing impaired gas exchange hypertension associated with increased morbidity mortality. Pulmonary increase mean artery pressure (Pulmonary Arterial Pressure) greater than or equal 25 mmHg at rest as ...

In 11 necropsy specimens of pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries, central pulmonary arteries were present in all cases, supplied by collateral arteries which anastomosed with a lobar pulmonary artery or, less commonly, with a central pulmonary artery. These normally connected pulmonary arteries frequently perfused only a minority of bronc...

Adrenomedullin is a novel hypotensive peptide originally isolated from human pheochromocytoma. Accumulating evidence suggests the possible involvement of adrenomedullin in the physiology of the pulmonary circulation and the pathophysiology of hypoxaemia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pathophysiological significance of adrenomedullin in hypoxaemia caused by congenital cyano...

background: angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) upregulation in stromal cells of joints affected by rheumatoid arthritis may lead to higher tissue angiotensin ii that is a vasoconstrictor and mitogen factor. to date, the role of angiotensin ii on regulating blood flow in inflamed joints has not been studied.   methods: acute and chronic joint inflammation was induced in rabbits by intra-articul...

abstract horseshoe lung is a congenital pulmonary malformation that is usually associated with scimitar syndrome. this malformation consists of fusion of both pulmonary lobes from the posterobasal segments. the fusion appears in the retrocardiac area, in front of the esophagus and thoracic aorta. pleural separation of pulmonary lobes distinguishes pseudohorseshoe appearance from a true horsesho...

The abnormalities of pulmonary arterial blood supply in mitral stenosis, consisting primarily of constriction of lower lobe vessels with resultant upper lobe preferential flow, was assessed by means of pulmonary angiography in 30 patients with mitral stenosis uncomplicated by other cardiac diseases. The abnormalities in blood flow correlated best with both the pulmonay artery pressure and the p...