Pure tone audiometry is the standard behavioral assessment of an individual’s hearing. The results of pure tone audiometry are recorded on a chart or form called an audiogram. In most cases a pure tone audiogram is easy to obtain and provides information about peripheral hearing acuity across the frequencies used in speech. It allows for a quick view of how well, or how poorly, an individual ca...

INTRODUCTION Guillain-Barre syndrome is an acute neuropathy that rarely compromises bladder function. Conservative management including clean intermittent catheterization and pharmacotherapy is the primary approach for hypocompliant contracted bladder. Surgical treatment may be used in refractory cases to improve bladder compliance and capacity in order to protect the upper urinary tract. We de...

This paper is about our hobby. For us, machine-checked mathematics is a passion, and constructive type theory (in the broadest sense) is the way to this objective. Efficient and correct type-checking programs are necessary, so a formal theory of type systems leading to verified type synthesis algorithms is a natural goal. For over a year the second author has been developing a machine-checked p...

This paper discusses grammar systems that have only terminals, work in the leftmost way, and generate their languages under the regulation by control languages over rule labels. It establishes three results concerning their generative power. First, without any control languages, these systems are not even able to generate all context-free languages. Second, with regular control languages, these...

"Pure shift" methods can greatly improve the resolution of proton NMR spectra. However, current pure shift spectra show small periodic artefacts that prevent their use for studying dilute mixture components. A new technique, compatible with all current pure shift methods, is presented that suppresses such sidebands to arbitrary order, allowing ultraclean spectra to be obtained.

Psychologically pure colors are colors that exhibit a homogeneous appearance on some dimension of perceived color. Purity of appearance is closely tied up with theoretical understandings of the three canonical color attributes of hue, saturation, and lightness. According to the dominant Hering opponent color framework, the hues red, green, blue, and yellow are distinctive and fundamental to all...

Methods such as monoclonal antibody technology, phage display, and ribosome display provide genetic routes to the selection of proteins and peptides with desired properties. However, extension to polymers of unnatural amino acids is problematic because the translation step is always performed in vivo or in crude extracts in the face of competition from natural amino acids. Here, we address this...

Graph Theory is said to have originated with Euler (1707–1783) who was asked to resolve an pastime question of the citizens of Königsberg whether it is possible to traverse all the 7 bridges joining two islands and the mainland, without retracing any path. Euler recognized in this problem the essense of Leibnitz’s interest in founding a new kind of mathematics (“analysis situs”) which might be ...