OBJECTIVES In patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), the prevalence of haemodynamically significant peripheral vascular disease (PVD) was measured in relation to lipoproteins, general risk factors and the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD). DESIGN A case control study. SETTING The outpatient lipid clinic of a university hospital (tertiary referral centre). SUBJECTS Pati...

Ceramic Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) on superalloy components are being used successfully in land-based gas turbine and aircraft engines. These coatings are generally made by either air plasma spraying (APS) or electron beam physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD). In general, EB-PVD TBCs have superior durability due to the columnar structure, but they are very expensive compared to APS TBCs. EB...

Cost reduction and high efficiency are the mayor challenges for sustainable H2 production via proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis. Titanium-based components such as bipolar plates (BPP) have the largest contribution to the capital cost. This work proposes the use of stainless steel BPPs coated with Nb and Ti by magnetron sputtering physical vapor deposition (PVD) and vacuum plasma spray...

We present the use of an oblique angle physical vapor deposition sOAPVDd technique with substrate rotation to obtain conformal thin films with enhanced step coverage on patterned surfaces. We report the results of ruthenium sRud films sputter deposited on trench structures with aspect ratio ,2 and show that OAPVD with an incidence angle less that 30° with respect to the substrate surface normal...

This report reviews current knowledge of the ultrastructural features of the vitreoretinal juncture in its normal state, in eyes with posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), and in eyes with epiretinal membranes (ERM's) and then presents new concepts concerning the interrelationship of ERM's and the vitreous. Results show no vitreous residues on retinal surface following uncomplicated rhegmatogeno...

It is well known that aluminium is today the most widely used metallic material besides steel. The mechanical characteristics of aluminium offer an increasing application field, especially where lightweight constructions are required. The demands for improved characteristics such as higher strength and greater durability are achieved by the development of new aluminium alloys. Continuous effort...

PURPOSE To report the incidence of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) after uneventful state-of-the-art small-incision phacoemulsification with implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL). SETTING Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwigshafen Hospital, Ludwigshafen, Germany. METHODS This prospective study evaluated the vitreous status of eyes by biomicroscopic examination, in...

PURPOSE To assess optical coherence tomography (OCT) for diagnosing posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) at the macular region compared to kinetic B-scan ultrasonography. METHODS In the present study, the authors prospectively investigated the frequency of PVD at the posterior pole utilizing ocular kinetic B-mode sonography in 315 eyes of 188 patients (113 female, 75 male; mean age, 72.8 years...

Endothelial cell injury and activation in the placenta are features of placental vascular disease (PVD). While advances in PVD have been made, the pathogenesis of this disease is still unknown. The objective of this study was to pursue potential risk factors and signal transcription pathways involved in PVD pathogenesis. Gene expression in subjects with PVD and with normal pregnancies was compa...

PURPOSE To identify possible risk factors for the development of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). DESIGN Retrospective case-control study. METHODS A total of 138 cases with PVD and 114 age-matched controls were accrued from two different sites. Demographic, medical, ocular, and lifestyle data were obtained through chart review, questionnaires, and clinical examination. A 108-item semiqu...