After the attack on American twin tower September 11, 2001, Bush administration launched a war against terrorists and Al-Qaeda hiding in Afghanistan. During this war, Pakistan became front-line state due to its proximity The terror also brought disastrous effects Pakistan. Due terror, faced is still facing number of challenges social economic spheres. This paper an attempt highlight socio-econo...

El triunfo de los talibanes en Afganistán, tras la salida tropas estadounidenses, tiene como consecuencia no solo importantes transformaciones sobre sociedad afgana, sino también un cambio radical acción geoestratégica las potencias con interés Asia Central. Comprender últimos acontecimientos violencia Afganistán implica remontarse al origen del fenómeno talibán, a alianzas políticas que se cre...

françois mauriac, a scholar and a famous french author and the winner of the nobel prize in literature, , unlike any of his contemporaries is not known in iran. in this article, it has been attempted to know him better on the basis of his viewpoints toward two famous contemporaries, andré gide and marcel proust. mauriac believes that these two writers incorporated a detailed reflection of relig...

in extant islamic manuscripts we can find some observation reports of a black dot on the surface of the sun. these reports add that this dot should be the planet venus or mercury, transiting over the sun, showing that both of them are below the sphere of the sun. the research made so far on ibn sina’s report shows that it might relate to a really observed venus transit. quṭb al-dīn al-shīrāzī (...

The article examines process of globalization as continuation of process the creation of Christendom. The author thinks that translations of Bible from Greek or ancient Jewish on other languages are the example of first step in unification Christendom. And consequently its first step of globalization. Russian translation of Bible is showing distinction from other translations, but experimentall...

The author shows the duality of power, which is fully projected to political space. whole space made up unequal parts. From author`s point view, space, dependent on a series delimitations, can be as magnificent and dazzing in its luxury, well depressing. believes that reason for such splits may lie quantity quality bureaucracy concentrated center. lack power province spatial problem becomes act...