background: a highly efficient genetic transformation system is essential for a successful genetic manipulation of the african violet (saintpaulia ionantha wendl.).objectives: developing a particle bombardment-based genetic transformation system for the african violet.materials and methods: a local cultivar of the african violet from guilan province was used for transformation experiments. the ...

Cleaning organizational data of discrepancies in structure and content is important for data warehousing and Enterprise Data Integration (EDI). Current commercial solutions for data cleaning involve many iterations of time-consuming “data quality” analysis to find errors, and long-running transformations to fix them. Users need to endure long waits and often write complex transformation program...

Although principal components transformations on remotely sensed multispectral data often produce components that show decreasing image quality with increasing component number, there are numerous examples, especially among aircraft scanner data, where this is not the case. This has led us to define a new trans€ormation, known as the maximum noise fraction (MNF) transformation, which always pro...

This paper provides a systematic evaluation framework for comparing model transformation approaches, based upon the ISO/IEC 9126-1 quality characteristics for software systems. We apply this framework to compare five transformation approaches (QVT-R, ATL, Kermeta, UMLRSDS and GrGen.NET) on a complex model refactoring case study: the amalgamation of apparent attribute clones in a class diagram. ...

The IHS sharpening technique is one of the most commonly used techniques for sharpening. Different transformations have been developed to transfer a color image from the RGB space to the IHS space. Through literature, it appears that, various scientists proposed alternative IHS transformations and many papers have reported good results whereas others show bad ones as will as not those obtained ...

To establish the estimation models, the linear regression technique is used to analyze the historical data. This technique is also applied in combination with logarithm transformation of the collected data. Our results show that the correlation coefficients (or R) between size (FFP) and real effort and size (FFP) and cost are 89% and 88% respectively. With logarithm transformation, the correlat...