this study was conducted to evaluate the role of swimming on mechanic of lung in healthy individual and patients with asthma. a total 76 girls who took part in the course of regular swimming session three day per week for eight weeks enrolled in this study. all of them completed isaac written questionnaire and individual who was suspected of asthma or other atopic diseases was referred to aller...

Zebrafish are tetrachromats with red (R, 570 nm), green (G, 480 nm), blue (B, 415 nm), and UV (U, 362 nm) cones. Although neurons in other cyprinid retinas are rich in color processing neural circuitry, spectral responses of individual neurons in zebrafish retina, a genetic model for vertebrate color vision, are yet to be studied. Using dye-filled sharp microelectrodes, horizontal cell voltage ...

It is unknown if endothelin-A and -B receptors (ET(A)R and ET(B)R) activate the production of superoxide via NAD(P)H oxidase and subsequently stimulate the formation of cyclic adenine diphosphate ribose (cADPR) in afferent arterioles. Vessels were isolated from rat kidney and loaded with fura 2. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) rapidly increased cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) by 303 nM. The su...

There is a lack of studies investigating gender differences in whole-body kinematics during single-leg landings from increasing vertical heights and horizontal distances. This study determined the main effects and interactions of gender, vertical height, and horizontal distance on whole-body joint kinematics during single-leg landings, and established whether these findings could explain the ge...

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE) can reliably measure coronary flow velocity (CFV) and coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in the clinical setting. Background. Coronary flow velocity measurement has provided useful clinical and physiologic information. Advancement i...

The aim of the present study was to assess the ability of several echocardiographic and TDI (tissue Doppler imaging) parameters to predict an elevated LVEDP (left ventricular end-diastolic pressure) in patients with abnormal relaxation. Eighty-two consecutive patients presenting with an E /A ratio (ratio of early-to-late diastolic peak transmitral velocity) <0.9 scheduled for left heart cathete...

We applied principal component analysis (PCA) to the study of five ground level enhancement (GLE) cosmic ray (CR) events. The nature multivariate data involved makes PCA a useful tool for this study. A subroutine program written and implemented in R software environment generated interesting components. Analysis results shows that method can distinguish between neutron monitors (NMs) observed F...

detection of the R-wave and dZ/dt-min peaks does not adequately reflect the actual PEP across a wide range of laboratory and ambulatory conditions. Abstract The current study evaluates the validity of the PEP computed from a fixed value for the Q-wave onset to R-wave peak (QR) interval and an R-wave peak to B-point (RB) interval that is estimated from the R-peak to dZ/dt-min peak (ISTI) interva...

BACKGROUND Cardiac transplantation (CTX) improves exercise tolerance, but CTX recipients still achieve only 50% to 70% of normal values for exercise capacity. Among the factors suggested to explain the reduced exercise tolerance in CTX recipients is deconditioning. Little is known about the relation between physical activity patterns and exercise test responses in CTX patients. METHODS Forty-...

The d i s s i p a t i o n o f mechanical energy i n g l a s s e s of t h e " f a s t ion conductor" type (AgI-AgP03, AgI-Ap,B02 and AgC1-CsI) has been s t u d i e d us ing a Rheovibron mechanical ana lyze r i n t h e temperature range -190 t o 200°C. I n most cases a s i n g l e l o s s peak a t low temperature is found f o r fixed-frequency scans . The peak temperature almost co inc ides wi th...