In the era of technological, advancements in various fields, refrigeration systems have a significant function meeting human needs, and continuous research must be done by many researchers who are working to enhance performance these systems. Here, an attempt was made system performance. present work, investigational investigations ZnO nanoparticles at three amounts (O.2 %, 0.4 0.6 %) dispersed...

This paper investigates the selection of best suitable eco-friendly organic and in-organic refrigerants for heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC) renewable energy devices. Inorganic are used to cool devices, such as solar cells, photovoltaics, electronic Owing community’s importance, development in this area has rapidly improved over past few years. R134a, R404, R717 have become most HV...

The Jet Propulsion Lthoratory (JPL) has been involved in cryogenic refrigeration development for the National Aeronautics and Space AdminisUation (NASA) since 1979. Witi the help of NASA, Southern California Gas Company, Ford Automotive, and Aerojet General, we have spun off Ma technology for cmnmerciai air conditioning since 1990. In all, JPL has fabricated and successfully tested the followin...

Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is used to minimize the risk of epidermal damage during laser dermatologic surgery. During CSC, skin surface is cooled by a short spurt of refrigerant R134a with boiling point of –26.2 C. Since R134a is volatile in open atmospheric conditions, the atomized liquid droplets undergo continuous evaporation as they fly in air, leading to a lost momentum and mass. Therefor...