In developing countries, where more than 99% of all human rabies deaths occur, nervous tissue antirabies vaccines are still the most widely used because of their relatively low cost and despite their variable potency and the risk of neurological complications. The supplies of modern and safe vaccines for many developing countries are grossly inadequate whereas the demand for affordable and safe...

An E1-deletion-containing adenoviral recombinant based on the chimpanzee serotype 68 (AdC68) was developed to express the rabies virus glycoprotein. Mice immunized with this construct (AdC68rab.gp) developed antibodies to rabies virus and remained resistant to challenge with an otherwise lethal dose of rabies virus. In naïve mice immunized intranasally, the rabies virus-specific antibody respon...

Baits laden with oral rabies vaccines are important for the management of wildlife rabies in the United States. In August 2012, the Wildlife Services program of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service began a field trial involving limited distribution of a new oral rabies vaccine bait in five states, including Ohio. The vaccine consisted of live recombina...

To evaluate the safeties of 4 types of rabies vaccines for patients with WHO category II animal exposure, especially in different age groups.A total of 4000 patients with WHO category II animal exposure were randomly divided into 4 vaccine groups, and were respectively given with Vaccines A, B, C, and D. And subjects in each vaccine group were divided into 4 age groups (≤5, 5-18, 19-60, and ≥60...

The aim of the study was monitoring the efficacy of primary vaccination against rabies and the need for booster doses. These studies validate at the same time recent technological improvements in laboratory diagnostics of the level of rabies protection in human sera. Research was carried out into the level of antibodies, considering that an antibody titer ≥0.5 IU/mL is protective. We used Plate...

Between 1980 and September 2002, 46 people in the United States died of laboratory confirmed rabies. 1 The majority of cases were diagnosed at postmortem. The presence of hydrophobia or aerophobia was significantly associated with antemortem diagnosis. None of the people received complete postexposure prophylaxis prior to the onset of clinical disease. This is unfortunate as treatment with mode...

Lyssaviruses are bullet-shaped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses and the causative agents of the ancient zoonosis rabies. Africa is the likely home to the ancestors of taxa residing within the Genus Lyssavirus, Family Rhabdoviridae. Diverse lyssaviruses are envisioned as co-evolving with bats, as the ultimate reservoirs, over seemingly millions of years. In terms of relative distribu...

This review is focused on the use of hyperimmune globulin therapy to treat some infectious diseases viral or bacterial origin. Despite introduction antibiotics and vaccines, plasma immunoglobulin from whole blood donation can still play a key role. These treatments provide passive transfer high-titer antibodies that either reduces risk severity infection offer immediate but short-term protectio...

Effective, safe, and affordable rabies vaccines are still being sought. Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, has shown promise as a vaccine vector for mammals. Here, we generated a recombinant avirulent NDV La Sota strain expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) and evaluated its potential to serve as a vaccine against rabies. The recombinant virus, rL-RVG, retained its ...