In this paper, we propose a novel air-conditioning system that will be effective for wide public space such as a concourse of railway station, exhibition hall or museum. In these spaces, conventional air-conditioners are not enough, since the air-conditioner sends a wind to also empty area and where the temperature is already sufficient. Generally, it is difficult to ventilate effectively to th...

INTRODUCTION TRANSPORTATION of people is increasing as our society grows and the demand for railway services that can provide high-speed and high-capacity transportation is becoming greater. The number of train rides taken in Japan in 2006 was 22,243 million, more than anywhere else in the world by some margin, making Japan one of the world’s leading railway nations. A major feature of railway ...

A railway interlocking system (RIS) plays a vital role in the safe transportation of a railway system. It is responsible for the safe routes of trains making sure that each train movement follows the other in a proper and safe sequence. Detailed verifications and evaluations are mandatory before deploying an RIS, since it is a safety critical system (SCS). But the increasing complexity of the R...

One of the goals of the UK research project SafeCap (Overcoming the railway capacity challenges without undermining railway network safety) is to provide railway engineers with a formal modelling framework for analysing safety and capacity of railway systems. To this end, we have proposed a “natural modelling” approach for specifying railway networks in CSP||B [4], and we are developing the cap...