uretero pelvic junction (upj) obstruction is a common cause of hydronephrosis in infants. the frequent use of fetal ultrasound is allowing early (prenatal) diagnosis of numerous uropathies previously delayed until the child either became symptomatic or had a palpable mass. newborn with severe obstruction often has marked improvement following correction, therefore, early diagnosis and operation...

In the field of comparative physiology, it remains to be established whether the concept of VO2max is valid in the mouse and, if so, how this value can be accurately determined. In humans, VO2max is generally considered to correspond to the plateau observed when VO2 no longer rises with an increase in workload. In contrast, the concept of VO2peak tends to be used in murine studies. The objectiv...

The current paradigm for receptor-ligand dissociation kinetics assumes off-rates as functions of instantaneous force without impact from its prior history. This a priori assumption is the foundation for predicting dissociation from a given initial state using kinetic equations. Here we have invalidated this assumption by demonstrating the impact of force history with single-bond kinetic experim...

OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypotheses that (1) secondary criteria (respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart rate, blood [lactate]) traditionally used to verify the determination of maximum oxygen uptake (VO₂(max)) in children can result in the acceptance of a 'submaximal' VO₂(max) or falsely reject a 'true' VO(₂max) and (2) the VO₂(peak) recorded during a ramp test in children is comparabl...

We discuss molecular orbital basis sets that contain both Gaussian and polynomial (ramp) functions. We show that, by modeling ramp-Gaussian products as sums of ramps, all of the required one- and two-electron integrals can be computed quickly and accurately. To illustrate our approach, we construct R-31+G, a mixed ramp-Gaussian basis in which the core basis functions of the 6-31+G basis are rep...

Increasingly, companies require faster ramp-up in order to cope with shorter production cycles and greater demand for product variety. Since quality and dimensional problems are one of the major reasons for delay during ramp-up, rapid diagnosis of dimensional failures is of critical concern. Given the lack of historical data and incomplete process knowledge in ramp-up, a Rough Set based diagnos...

Unlimited access to a motorway network can, in overloaded conditions, cause a loss of capacity. Ramp metering (signals on slip roads to control access to the motorway) can help avoid this loss of capacity. The design of ramp metering strategies has several features in common with the design of access control mechanisms in communication networks. Inspired by models and rate control mechanisms de...

The competitive situation in automotive industry and increasing market demands necessarily lead to higher complexity in product development, production planning and production ramp-up processes. One key challenge for mobilising important time and cost resources in production engineering projects is a virtual validation of the ramp-up. Especially in cross-functional cases where many planning dep...

Abstrac&--In an effort to relieve peak hour congestion on freeways, various ramp metering algorithms have been employed to regulate the inputs to freeways from entry ramps. In this paper, we consider a freeway system comprised of a freeway section and its entry/exit ramps, and formulate the ramp control problem as a dynamic optimal process to minimize the total time spent in this system. Within...

This paper formulates the ramp metering control problem as a real-time feedback control problem. The development is shown by modeling freeway sections, and hence the results are immediately applicable to isolated ramp metering problems. The ideas presented in this paper can be utilized to develop coordinated ramp metering feedback control techniques. Three different forms of the formulation for...