Abstract: The possibility of vanadium carbide coating formation on AISI L2 steel was studied in molten salt bath containing 33 wt% NaCl- 67 wt% CaCl2. In this research, the effects of time, temperature and bath composition on growing layer thickness were studied. The vanadium carbide coating treatment was performed in the NaCl-CaCl2 bath at 1173, 1273 and 1373 K temperatures for 3, 6, 9 hours a...

The structure of native squid pen (gladius) was investigated in two different species on different length scales. By combining microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction, the experiments probed length scales from millimetres down to nanometres. The gladii showed a hierarchical, self-similar structure in the optical experiments with fibres of different size oriented along t...

Highly crystalline Bi3+-doped cadmium oxide (CdO) sub-micron structures were synthesized by calcination the obtained precursor from a sol-gel reaction. The reaction was carried out with cadmium nitrate (Cd(NO3)2.4H2O), bismuth nitrate (Bi(NO3)3.5H2O) and ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) reactan...

The design and development of new multiphase microstructures for specific technological applications require not only a characterization of the final microstructure, but also a detailed knowledge at the level of individual grains of the phase transformations taking place during the material processing. The availability of intense high-energy X-ray beams (50 to 300 keV) at a number of synchrotro...

Beneficiation of a low-grade iron ore was investigated by combination of the low-intensity magnetic separation and reverse flotation methods. The main constituents of the representative sample were 36.86% Fe, 8.1% FeO, 14.2% CaO, 13.6% SiO2, and 0.12% S based on the X-ray fluorescence, titration, and Leco analysis methods. The mineralogical studies by the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron mi...

Micro-channel plate ~MCP! was used to intensify the image on the fluorescent screen in reflection high-energy electron diffraction. The primary electron current could be reduced by four orders of magnitude to get the image of the same intensity as in the measurement without MCP. The reduction of electron beam enabled observation of ionic crystal surfaces without causing electrolysis and chargin...

an extensive study of higher alcohol synthesis (has) from synthesis gas using cobalt (co) promoted alkalized mos2 catalysts supported on carbon nanotubes (cnts) is reported. up to  5wt.% of co is added to the 15wt.% mo-wt.%k/ cnts by incipient wetness impregnation method. most of the metal particles were homogeneously distributed inside the tubes and the rest on the outer surface of the cnts. t...