Molecular clouds are expected to emit non-thermal radiation due to cosmic ray interactions in the dense magnetized gas. Such emission is amplified if a cloud is located close to an accelerator of cosmic rays and if cosmic rays can leave the accelerator and diffusively reach the cloud. We consider the situation in which a molecular cloud is located in the proximity of a supernova remnant which i...

A novel output sensitive real-time rendering algorithm local Z-buffering for the large complex scenes is presented in this paper. A naïve algorithm is proposed at first based on decomposing a large complex scene into a low-depth complexity scene and a large depth complexity by computing a partition plane in the view space. The low and high depth complexity scenes are visualized by Zbuffering an...

Analysis of effect of temperature and γ-ray radiation on the AlGaInP Quantum Well (QW) structure based laser at 665 nm emission wavelength has been carried out. I-V and P-I characteristics were measured. From these, we determine series resistance (Rs), threshold Current (Ith), Optical output power (Pout) and differential efficiency (ηd). I-V curves vary over temperature and radiation. Ith incre...

A new detector geometry is described with relatively high gamma ray energy resolution at room temperature. The device uses the geometric weighting effect, the small pixel effect and the Frisch grid effect to produce high gamma ray energy resolution. The design is simple and easy to construct. The device performs as a gamma ray spectrometer without the need for pulse shape rejection or correctio...

A 84-year-old white female had a brief loss of consciousness while playing bridge. A few minutes before the episode she had eaten pizza and significant amount of carbonated soft drinks. After recovery, her friends noticed that she was alert, but pale and sweating. Upon arrival at the emergency room, sitting blood pressure was 160/60 mmHg with a normal sinus rhythm. A chest X-Ray was performed, ...

BGO is expected to be plausible devices for soft gamma-ray detectors, because of a high detection efficiency for soft gamma-rays. Here we report on the good performance of BGO readout with PIN-photodiode or avalanche photodiode as a soft gamma-ray detector. We confirmed that the signal output of BGO becomes comparable to that of GSO when it is readout with photodiodes due to better matching bet...

Collisionally pumped x-ray lasers are ideal for a wide variety of plasma diagnostics. They have been demonstrated over a wavelength range extending from 3.5 nm to 40 nm and have output energies as high as 10 mJ in 150 ps pulses. The beam divergence is less than 15 mrad and the linewidth λ/∆λ~10 provides sufficient longitudinal coherence for interferometry. Using various arrangements constructed...

In this paper the choice between bending magnets and insertion devices as sample illuminators for a hard X-ray full-field microscope is investigated. An optimized bending-magnet beamline design is presented. Its imaging speed is very competitive with the performance of similar microscopes installed currently at insertion-device beamlines. The fact that imaging X-ray microscopes can accept a lar...