Rayleigh-Bénard and Bénard-Marangoni instabilities have been studied for roughly a century and have served as prototypes for the transition to temporal chaos as well as spatiotemporal chaos of an initially stationary pattern. Using the Marangoni effect [1,2] with an horizontal temperature gradient to drive the system out of equilibrium, one can observe propagating waves instabilities: hydrother...

The radiation patterns of Love and Rayleigh waves from three nuclear explosions (Hardhat, Haymaker, and Shoal) are studied to determine the nature of the asymmetry of radiation and the mechanism of Love wave generation. From a comparative study of different explosions it is reasoned that the Love waves are generated at the source of the explosion. The source function, represented as the superim...