Transvaginal ultrasound-guided embryo transfer was performed on 121 consecutive patients. Observation was made of guiding cannula and transfer catheter placement in relation to the endometrial surface and uterine fundus during embryo transfer. The position and movement of a transfer-associated air bubble and the impact of subendometrial myometrial contraction leading to endometrial movement was...

Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), which mediates the functioning of FSH, plays a central role in reproduction. We investigated bovine FSHR gene polymorphisms and analyzed their relationships with pregnancy rates after embryo transfer and with hormone concentrations on the day of embryo transfer. One reported SNP of FSHR, G-278A, located in the 5'-upstream region, was analyzed and th...

BACKGROUND Embryo transfer to a developed endometrium is an important prognostic factor in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle outcome. Vaginal estrogen, such as Vagifem vaginal tablets and Premarin vaginal cream, is a regimen used for the patients with refractive endometria. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to compare the effects of Vagifem and Premarin on the endometrial thickness of the patient...

In order to reduce the chance of multiple pregnancy during in-vitro fertilisation (IVF)– embryo transfer treatment, there is an increasing trend towards transferring a lower number of embryos. Surplus good-quality embryos are then transferred in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles. The first pregnancy after FET was reported in 1983.1 It has been estimated that in IVF programmes in which ...

BACKGROUND Elective single embryo transfer (eSET) in a selected group of patients (i.e. young patients with at least one good quality embryo) reduces the number of multiple pregnancies in an IVF programme. However, the reduced overall multiple pregnancy rate (PR) is still unacceptably high. Therefore, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted comparing eSET and double embryo transfer (D...

Ovarian pregnancy (OP) after embryo transfer is very rare. Due to the rarity and the asymptomatic nature, there are still difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. The traditional operative treatment for OP has been oophorectomy. However, the desire to maintain reproductive capability and improvements in laparoscopy have more recently led to conservative laparoscopic techniques. This rare compli...

Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare and life-threatening condition which is defined as coexistent intrauterine and ectopic gestation. The risk of ectopic and heterotopic pregnancy is increasing due to the increased risk of multiple pregnancies with the aid of assisted reproductive technologies. However, it hardly happens in the setting of single embryo transfer, since single embryo transfer signifi...

OBJECTIVE To compare pregnancy rates with fresh and frozen embryo transfer in patients admitted to Royal Jubilee Maternity Service (RJMS), Belfast between January 1st 2004 and December 31st 2005 with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). METHOD A retrospective analysis of all ART cycles (2,283) carried out in RJMS between January 1st 2004 and December 31st 2005 and of all patients admitte...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of a gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) injection prior to embryo transfer on implantation and pregnancy rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) therapy with and without GnRHa preinstallation into the uterine cavity just before embryo transfer between January 2012 and Ma...

Intercourse during an IVF cycle has the potential to improve pregnancy rates since exposure to semen is reported to promote embryo development and implantation in animals. Conversely, coitus-induced uterine contractions or introduction of infection may have a detrimental effect. A multicentre prospective randomized control trial was conducted to determine if intercourse during the peri-transfer...