Proteases give cancer a defining characteristic of being able to break through extracellular matrix barriers and invade into other tissues in response to chemotactic signals. Recently, the cell surface protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1 has been shown to act as a chemokine receptor in inflammatory cells, and its expression is tightly correlated with metastatic propensity of breast cancer cells...

Phytochemicals have provided an abundant source of novel therapeutics for the treatment of human cancers. We have previously described a novel plant toxin, persin, derived from avocado leaves, which has unique in vivo actions in the mammary epithelium and Bim-dependent, cytotoxic effects in human breast cancer cells in vitro. Compounds structurally similar to persin, such as the polyunsaturated...

background and objective: breast cancer is the commonest cancer of indian women. estrogen and progesterone expression is seen in benign breast lesions and in breast carcinoma associated with good prognostic parameters and it correlates well with response to hormone therapy. although a lot of studies have been conducted in the past on hormone receptor expression in breast cancer and few have cor...

Endocrine therapy, using tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor, remains a first-line treatment for estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) positive breast cancer. However, tumor resistance limits the duration of response. The clinical efficacy of fulvestrant, a selective ER degrader (SERD) that triggers receptor degradation, has confirmed that ESR1 often remains engaged in endocrine therapy resistant cancers....

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) has been shown to promote breast cancer growth via different mechanisms. In addition to binding to ERα, the DHT membrane receptor exists on integrin αvβ3. Resveratrol induces p53-dependent apoptosis via plasma membrane integrin αvβ3. Resveratrol and DHT signals are both transduced by activated ERK1/2; however, DHT promotes cell proliferation in cancer cells, whereas re...

Aberrant growth factor receptor signaling can augment or suppress estrogen receptor (ER) function in hormone-dependent breast cancer cells and lead to escape from anti-estrogen therapy. Interruption of HER2/ER cross-talk with lapatinib can restore sensitivity to anti-estrogens and thus, should be investigated in combination with endocrine therapy in patients with ER+/HER2-negative breast cancers.

Clinical trials and studies have shown that postmenopausal women undergoing combination hormone replacement therapy containing estrogen and progestin have an increased risk of breast cancer compared with women taking estrogen or placebo alone. Using animal models, we have previously shown that synthetic progestins, including medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), which is widely used clinically, ac...

Overexpression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its receptor system has been reported in various types of cancers. NPY Y5 receptor (Y5R) has been implicated in cell growth and angiogenesis. However, the role of Y5R in breast cancer is unknown. To identify the role of Y5R in breast cancer, we screened several breast cancer cell lines to examine the expression of Y5R and its function in breast cancer....

Susceptibility to breast cancer is significantly increased in individuals with germ line mutations RECQ1 (also known as RECQL or RECQL1), a gene encoding DNA helicase essential for genome maintenance. We previously reported that expression predicts clinical outcomes sporadic patients stratified by estrogen receptor (ER) status. Here, we utilized an unbiased integrative genomics approach delinea...