A class of synthetic peptide immunogens for the cell surface HIV receptor complex has been developed to elicit antibodies that block viral entry by inhibiting gp120-CD4 interaction. These peptides extend our HIV receptor-directed approach from passive immunotherapy with mAb B4 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (1999) 10367) to active immunization by a synthetic peptide-based vaccine. A peptide ...

Axon-axon interactions have been implicated in neural circuit assembly, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show that in the Drosophila antennal lobe, early-arriving axons of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) from the antenna are required for the proper targeting of late-arriving ORN axons from the maxillary palp (MP). Semaphorin-1a is required for targeting of all MP ...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the prototype of systemic autoimmune diseases is characterized by extreme heterogeneity with a variable clinical course. Renal involvement may be observed and affects outcome. Hydroxychloroquine should administered to every patient irrespective organ involvement. Conventional immunosuppressive therapy includes corticosteroids, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, ...

During last 15 years dopamine has emerged as a major regulator of inflammation. All five dopamine receptors (DRs, DRD1-DRD5) have been found to be expressed in immune cells where they exert a complex regulation of immunity [1]. Of note, DRs have been found not only in cells of the adaptive immune system, but also in cells belonging to the innate immunity, even including glial cells. The outcome...

Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by the ingestion of a large amount of food in a short period of time and the preferential choice of high palatable food. BED is the most common eating disorder, which is associated with other medical and psychiatric complications, most notably obesity and depression [1]. The effective treatment for BED is urgently needed. We adapted a recently develo...

COPYRIGHT © 2007 NEW MEDICINE INC. UNAUTHORIZED PHOTOCOPYING, DISTRIBUTION OR ELECTRONIC STORAGE IS PROHIBITED BY LAW. THE EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR (EGFR) PATHWAY IN CANCER PART II — TARGET CANCER INDICATIONS AND TARGETING APPROACHES ERBB RECEPTORS ASSOCIATION BY CANCER INDICATION 1958 EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR (EGFR) 1959 Colorectal Cancer 1959 Head and Neck Cancer 1960 Lung Can...

After a 12-year search for the antipsychotic receptor, the binding site was discovered and labelled by [3H]haloperidol in 1975. Of the various neurotransmitters, dopamine was the most potent in inhibiting the binding of [3H]haloperidol, indicating that the antipsychotic receptor was a dopamine receptor, now named the dopamine D2 receptor, a major targeting site in schizophrenia. All antipsychot...

The androgen receptor (AR) is a major therapeutic target in prostate cancer pharmacology. Progression of prostate cancer has been linked to elevated expression of AR in malignant tissue, suggesting that AR plays a central role in prostate cancer cell biology. Potent therapeutic agents can be precisely crafted to specifically target AR, potentially averting systemic toxicities associated with no...

Promising targeted treatments and immunotherapy strategies in oncology and advancements in our understanding of molecular pathways that underpin cancer development have reignited interest in the tumor-associated antigen Folate Receptor alpha (FRα). FRα is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane protein. Its overexpression in tumors such as ovarian, breast and lung cancers, low an...

The thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TSHR) is a major regulator of thyroid function and growth, and is the key antigen in several pathological conditions including hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and thyroid tumors. Various effective treatment strategies are currently available for many of these clinical conditions such as antithyroid drugs or radioiodine therapy, but they are not d...