In 2016, we undertook a point prevalence screening study for Enterobacteriaceae with extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), high-level AmpC cephalosporinases and carbapenemases, and also methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) in a long-term care facility (LTCF) and the associated acute care hospital geriatric unit in Bolzano, Northern Ital...

OBJECTIVE To determine the validity of a novel Group B Streptococcus (GBS) diagnostic assay for the detection of GBS in antepartum patients. STUDY DESIGN Women were screened for GBS colonization at 35 to 37 weeks of gestation. Three vaginal-rectal swabs were collected per patient; two were processed by traditional culture (commercial laboratory versus in-house culture), and the third was proc...

BACKGROUND Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are emerging. In attempt to eradicate CRE colonization, we conducted a semirandomized, prospective, controlled trial using oral nonabsorbable antibiotics. METHODS Consecutive hospitalized CRE carriers were studied. Patients whose rectal isolates were gentamicin sensitive but colistin resistant were treated with gentamicin. Patients whos...

Probiotics are dietary supplements containing potentially beneficial bacteria or yeasts. They are administered in different quantities that allow for colon colonization. These products help in stimulating health promoting flora and also suppressing the pathologic colonization and disease spread. The use of probiotic plays an important aspect in dentistry too ever since the oral infections occup...

OBJECTIVE To determine the epidemiology of colonization with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. DESIGN Ten-month prospective cohort study. SETTING A 19-bed medical ICU of a 1,440-bed teaching hospital. METHODS Patients admitted to the ICU had rectal swab cultures for VRE on admission and weekly thereafter. VRE-positive patients were cared for...

Acute suppurative cholangitis is a serious complication of biliary obstructions due to infection. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is an important biliary pathogen. Bile samples from 445 patients with biliary diseases as well as those requiring biliary drainage for other miscellaneous gastrointestinal diseases were investigated bacteriologically with special emphasis on Salmonella. Fecal sampl...

To determine the prevalence and rate of acquisition of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) among patients undergoing chronic (i.e., long-term) hemodialysis who were admitted to a tertiary care center, serial rectal cultures for VRE were performed at hospital admission and every 5 days until hospital discharge. A total of 7 (6%) of the 119 patients were colonized with VRE at admission. Six (1...

Methods: Litters from three and two sows, respectively, were treated at birth and again at weaning with either of two porcinederived competitive exclusion cultures, one less diverse than the other. Another litter was treated as above with the least diverse competitive exclusion culture that had been supplemented with Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a bacterium implicated in effecting gut cell dev...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the most common pathogenic E. coli pathotypes causing diarrhea in children worldwide. Its enterotoxins, LT and ST, including colonization factors mainly are responsible for human pathogenesis. From 239 rectal swabs of diarrheal patients at Hat Yai and Pattani Hospitals during August 2013 and May 2014, five isolates from only a single E. coli sam...

group b streptococcus (gbs) is one of the most important bacteria in the majority of maternal and neonatal infections, such as chorioamnionitis, endometritis, bacteremia, sepsis and meningitis. during pregnancy, gbs screening is one of the recommended strategies that are recommended by center of disease control (cdc). this study was aimed to determine the rectovaginal colonization prevalence am...